Вопросы вирусологии. 2022; 67: 227-236
Штаммы диплоидных клеток лёгкого летучей мыши Pipistrellus pipistrellus и их пермиссивность к орбивирусам (Reoviridae: Orbivirus) – возбудителям трансмиссивных болезней животных
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-114Аннотация
Введение. Культуры клеток летучих мышей являются востребованной моделью как для изоляции вирусов трансмиссивных болезней, так и для оценки возможной роли данных видов млекопитающих в формировании природных резервуаров переносчиков возбудителей арбовирусных инфекций.
Цель исследования. Получение и характеристика штаммов диплоидных клеток лёгкого летучей мыши Pipistrellus pipistrellus, оценка их пермиссивности к вирусам блютанга, африканской чумы лошадей (АЧЛ), эпизоотической геморрагической болезни оленей (ЭГБО).
Материалы и методы. Культуры клеток лёгкого нетопыря-карлика получали методом стандартной ферментативной дезагрегации ткани доноров и селекцией клеток по адгезивным свойствам. Биологические свойства штаммов клеток изучены цитологическими, кариологическими методами. Пермиссивность культур клеток определяли к орбивирусам блютанга, АЧЛ, ЭГБО.
Результаты. Диплоидные штаммы клеток (эпителиоподобного и фибробластоподобного типа), сохраняющие цитоморфологические характеристики и стабильность кариотипа, получены из ткани лёгкого нетопыря-карлика Pipistrellus pipistrellus. Установлена их пермиссивность к вирусам рода Orbivirus семейства Reoviridae возбудителям трансмиссивных заболеваний животных. Паспортизированные штаммы диплоидных клеток чувствительны к орбивирусам блютанга, АЧЛ, ЭГБО. Инфекционная активность вирусов в эпителиоподобной культуре клеток соответствовала активности в референтных культурах Vero и CV-1. Фибробластоподная культура клеток была менее пермиссивна к вирусам блютанга и ЭГБО, однако накопление вируса АЧЛ было выше на 1,52,0 lg ТЦД50/см3.
Обсуждение. Пермиссивность полученных штаммов клеток лёгкого летучей мыши Pipistrellus pipistrellus к вирусам блютанга, АЧЛ, ЭГБО согласуется с данными изоляции орбивирусов у летучих мышей видов Pteropus poliocephalus, Pteropus hypomelanus, Rousettus aegyptiacus leachii, Syconycteris crassa, Myotis macrodactylus, Eidolon helvum.
Заключение. Штаммы диплоидных клеток лёгкого нетопыря-карлика пермиссивны к орбивирусам блютанга, АЧЛ, ЭГБО, что позволяет рекомендовать их для изоляции этих вирусов, а вид Pipistrellus pipistrellus рассматривать как потенциальный природный резервуар и переносчик возбудителей данных трансмиссивных болезней.
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Problems of Virology. 2022; 67: 227-236
Dwarf bat’s (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) lung diploid cell strains and their permissivity to orbiviruses (Reoviridae: Orbivirus) – pathogens of vector-borne animal diseases
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-114Abstract
Introduction. Bat cell cultures are a popular model both for the isolation of vector-borne disease viruses and for assessing the possible role of these mammalian species in forming the natural reservoirs of arbovirus infection vectors. The goal of the research was to obtain and characterize strains of diploid lung cells of the bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and evaluate their permissivity to bluetongue, African horse sickness (AHS), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer (EHD) viruses.
Materials and methods. Cell cultures of the dwarf bat’s lung were obtained by standard enzymatic disaggregation of donor tissue and selection of cells for adhesive properties. The permissivity of cell cultures was determined to bluetongue, AHL, and EHD orbiviruses.
Results. Diploid cell strains (epithelium-like and fibroblast-like types) retaining cytomorphological characteristics and karyotype stability were obtained from tissue of the bat’s lung. Their permissivity to viruses of the genus Orbivirus of the Reoviridae family, pathogens of transmissible animal diseases, has been established.
Discussion. The permissivity of the obtained strains of bat’s lung cells to bluetongue, AHL, and EHD viruses is consistent with the isolation of orbiviruses in bats of the species Pteropus poliocephalus, Pteropus hypomelanus, Rousettus aegyptiacus leachii, Syconycteris crassa, Myotis macrodactylus, and Eidolon helvum.
Conclusion. Strains of diploid lung cells of the dwarf bat are permissive to orbiviruses of bluetongue, AHS, and EHD, which allows us to recommend them for the isolation of these viruses, and the species Pipistrellus pipistrellus to be considered as a potential natural reservoir and carrier of pathogens of these vector-borne diseases.
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