Вопросы вирусологии. 2022; 67: 95-106
Обзор генетического разнообразия вируса эпидемического паротита (Paramyxoviridae: Orthorubulavirus: Mumps orthorubulavirus)
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-98Аннотация
Эпидемический паротит (ЭП) представляет собой инфекционное заболевание, управляемое посредством специфической вакцинопрофилактики. До настоящего времени сохраняется его высокая социальная и эпидемиологическая значимость. Подтверждением этому является процесс разработки и интеграции в практику здравоохранения многих стран комплекса мероприятий эпиднадзора за ЭП. В Российской Федерации в 2021 г. приняты национальная программа «Элиминация кори и краснухи, достижение спорадической заболеваемости эпидемическим паротитом в Российской Федерации (2021–2025 гг.)» и национальный план по её реализации. Основанием к принятию документов послужили создание и начало клинического применения отечественной трёхвалентной вакцины для профилактики кори, краснухи и ЭП Вактривир. Наличие подобного вакцинного препарата позволит сделать эпидемиологический надзор за данной инфекцией частью существующей системы соответствующих мер в отношении кори и краснухи. Выполнение поставленных задач предполагает изучение молекулярной эпидемиологии вируса с возможной последующей реализацией её методологии при осуществлении надзорных мероприятий. В связи с этим настоящая работа имела целью представление глобального генетического разнообразия вируса эпидемического паротита (ВЭП), а также методов его генотипирования в систематизированном виде. Анализ данных о глобальном генетическом разнообразии ВЭП в разные годы может стать отправной точкой в последующей разработке подхода к мониторингу циркулирующих в Российской Федерации генотипов вируса.
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Problems of Virology. 2022; 67: 95-106
Genetic diversity of the mumps viruses (Paramyxoviridae: Orthorubulavirus: Mumps orthorubulavirus): an overview
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-98Abstract
Mumps is an infectious disease controlled by specific vaccine prophylaxis. To date, its social and epidemiological significance remains high. This is evidenced by the process of developing and implementing into the health care practices of many countries a set of measures for surveillance of mumps. In the Russian Federation, the National Program «Elimination of measles and rubella and achievement of sporadic morbidity with epidemic mumps in the Russian Federation (2021–2025)» and the national plan for its implementation were adopted in 2021. The basis for the adoption of these documents was the development of the domestic trivalent vaccine for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps, Vaktrivir, and the start of its clinical application. The availability of this vaccine will make the epidemiological surveillance of mumps to be a part of the existing system of appropriate measures for measles and rubella. The fulfillment of this set of tasks involves the study of the molecular epidemiology of the mumps virus (MuV) with possible subsequent implementation of its methodology into the surveillance actions. In this connection, this work was aimed at presenting the data on global genetic diversity of MuV as well as its genotyping methods in a systematized form. The analysis of MuV global genetic diversity in different years will be the starting point in the subsequent development of approach to monitoring virus strains circulating in the Russian Federation.
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