Вопросы вирусологии. 2022; 67: 7-17
Современные представления о роли гена Х вируса гепатита В (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) в патогенезе инфекции, вызванной вирусом гепатита B
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-84Аннотация
В обзоре представлена информация о роли Х гена вируса гепатита В (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) (ВГВ) и кодируемого им белка Х в патогенезе вирусного гепатита В (ГB). Рассмотрена эволюция возбудителя от первоосновы до современного варианта гепаднавирусов (Hepadnaviridae) как процесс, начавшийся около 407 млн лет назад и продолжающийся до настоящего времени. Обобщены результаты научных трудов зарубежных исследователей о многообразии воздействия белка X на течение инфекционного процесса и роли этой вирусной структуры в механизмах канцерогенеза. Описаны различия в характере влияния белка на течение заболевания у пациентов различных этнических групп с учётом генотипической принадлежности ВГВ. Обсуждается значение определения генетической вариабельности гена Х как фундаментальной характеристики вируса, имеющей значение для оценки рисков распространения гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы (ГЦК) среди населения Российской Федерации.
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Problems of Virology. 2022; 67: 7-17
Modern views on the role of X gene of the hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) in the pathogenesis of the infection it causes
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-84Abstract
The review presents information on the role of hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) (HBV) X gene and the protein it encodes (X protein) in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis B. The evolution of HBV from primordial to the modern version of hepadnaviruses (Hepadnaviridae), is outlined as a process that began about 407 million years ago and continues to the present. The results of scientific works of foreign researchers on the variety of the influence of X protein on the infectious process and its role in the mechanisms of carcinogenesis are summarized. The differences in the effect of the X protein on the course of the disease in patients of different ethnic groups with regard to HBV genotypes are described. The significance of determining the genetic variability of X gene as a fundamental characteristic of the virus that has significance for the assessment of risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) spread among the population of the Russian Federation is discussed.
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