Вопросы вирусологии. 2021; 66: 112-122
Летучие мыши субтропической зоны Краснодарского края России как возможный резервуар зоонозных вирусных инфекций
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-41Аннотация
Новые и возвращающиеся инфекции представляют серьёзную угрозу для мирового здравоохранения. Появление вируса SARS-CoV-2 и вызванная им пандемия COVID-19 продемонстрировали важность изучения и контроля зоонозных вирусных агентов непосредственно в природных очагах. Для SARS-подобных коронавирусов, а также множества других возбудителей зоонозов, включая геморрагические лихорадки и бешенство, основным резервуаром являются подковоносые летучие мыши (ЛМ) (Rhinolophus spp.), широко распространённые в Евразии и Африке. Ареал их захватывает также южные регионы России, включая Северный Кавказ и Крым. Большие колонии этих животных располагаются на территории Сочинского национального парка (СНП; субтропическая зона Краснодарского края, район Большого Сочи, Северный Кавказ). Всего по данным многолетних наблюдений здесь насчитывается до 23 видов ЛМ, включая большого (Rh. ferrumequinum), малого (Rh. hipposideros) и южного (Rh. euryale) подковоносов.
В настоящем обзоре приведены сведения о зоонозных вирусах, которые ассоциированы с видами ЛМ, обитающих на территории субтропической зоны Краснодарского края Российской Федерации, и проведён анализ возможной роли представителей семейства рукокрылых (Chiroptera) как природного резервуара новых и возвращающихся инфекций. Изучение циркуляции зоонозных вирусов в популяциях ЛМ служит важным элементом мониторинга вирусных популяций в естественных очагах.
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Problems of Virology. 2021; 66: 112-122
Bats of the subtropical climate zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia as a possible reservoir of zoonotic viral infections
https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-41Abstract
Emerging and reemerging infections pose a grave global health threat. The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated the importance of studying of zoonotic viruses directly in natural foci. For SARS-like coronaviruses, as well as for many other zoonotic pathogens (including hemorrhagic fevers and rabies agents), the main reservoir are horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.), which are widely distributed in Eurasia and Africa. Their range also covers the southern regions of Russia, including the North Caucasus and Crimea. Large colonies of these animals are located on the territory of Sochi National Park (SNP; subtropical zone of Krasnodar Territory, Greater Sochi region, North Caucasus). In total, according to long-term observations, up to 23 species of bats were registered here, including the great (Rh. ferrumequinum), the lesser (Rh. hipposideros), and the Mediterranean (Rh. euryale) horseshoe bats.
This review provides information on zoonotic viruses associated with species of bats distributed in the subtropical zone of Krasnodar Territory of Russia, and analyzes their possible role as a natural reservoir of emerging and reemerging infections. Studying the circulation of zoonotic viruses in bats is an important element of monitoring viral populations in natural foci.
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