Криминальная алкоголизация за рулем: взгляд правоприменителя и перспективы профилактики

Главная

Статья в Elpub

РУС ENG

Вестник Томского государственного университета. 2018; : 174-179

Криминальная алкоголизация за рулем: взгляд правоприменителя и перспективы профилактики

Жмуров Д. В.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/430/24

Аннотация

Изучены некоторые проблемы применения ст. 264.1 УК РФ «Нарушение правил дорожного движения лицом, подвергнутым административному наказанию». Для этой цели был проведен опрос 37 мировых судей и 114 инспекторов ГИБДД Иркутской области. Экспертов просили оценить ряд моментов, связанных с личностью правонарушителя, потенциалом ее ре-социализации и прогнозом развития проблемы на ближайшее будущее. Также на основе эмпирического материала предложена типология личности преступника и выявлены частотные показатели встречаемости тех или иных типов нарушителей.

Список литературы

1. Grand Rapids Effects Revisited : Accidents, Alcohol and Risk. Center for Traffic Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Rontgenring 11, D-97070 WUrzburg, Germany. Retrieved. URL: http://israeliteknight.com/t95paper.htm (дата обращения: 22.01.2018).

2. DWI Penalty Table-State of New Jersey. URL: http://www.state.nj.us/oag/dcj/agguide/dwi2005-penaltytable.pdf (дата обращения: 2018-01-17).

3. Энциклопедия уголовного права / отв. ред. В.Б. Малинин. Т. 24 : Преступления против безопасности движения и эксплуатации транспор та. СПб. : Изд-во. проф. Малинина, 2014. 699 с.

4. Пьяные водители: ловят часто, сажают редко. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/auto/2017/09/14_a_10887542.shtml (дата обращения: 18.01.2018).

5. В России подсчитали количество машин на тысячу жителей. URL: https://auto.vesti.ru/news/show/news_id/672222/ (дата обращения: 18.01.2018).

6. Department of Justice (US), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Crime in the United States 2015: Uniform Crime Reports. Washington (DC): FBI; 2016 [cited 2017 Jun 1]. URL: https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2015/crime-in-the-u.s.-2015/tables/table-29 (дата обращения: 15.01.2018).

7. Русский эксперт: потребление алкоголя в России. URL: https://ruxpert.ru/Потребление_алкоголя_в_России (дата обращения: 18.01.2018).

8. Костогоров Е. Пьяные водители обрушили статистику. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/auto/2017/05/19_a_ 10681493.shtml (дата обращения: 26.02.2018).

9. Агильдин В.В. Некоторые моменты уголовно-правовой политики борьбы с дорожно-транспортными преступлениями (на примере статьи 1 УК РФ) // Криминологический журнал Байкальского государственного университета экономики и права. 2016. Т. 10, № 1. С. 117-125.

10. Филипенок А., Истомина М. МВД предложило увеличить срок за повторное пьяное вождение. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/society /23/10/2017/59ee24679a79475bfdbcb 1 a2 (дата обращения: 23.02.2018).

11. Портал официальной статистической отчетности ГИБДД. URL: http://stat.gibdd.ru/ (дата обращения: 01.02.2018).

12. Results from the. National Survey on Drug Use and Health : Summary of National Findings. U.S. department of health and human services. 2012. P. 164

13. Bob Dyer, Dyer Streets : DUI plates are another Ohio Flop, akron beacon J. (June 19, 2009, 2:30 AM). URL: http://www.ohio.com/news/ 48584482.html (дата обращения: 03.08.2017).

14. Pamer Melissa. Ignition Interlock Requirement for DUI Offenders. Signed Into Law by Gov. Jerry Brown. KTLA 5. URL: http://ktla.com/2016/09/28/ignition-interlock-requirement-for-dui-offenders-signed-into-law-by-gov-jerry-brown/ (дата обращения: 06.02.2018).

Tomsk State University Journal. 2018; : 174-179

Criminal drink-driving: a look of a law enforcement agent and perspectives of prevention

Zhmurov D. V.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/430/24

Abstract

The article deals with the problems of applying Art. 264.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Violation of Traffic Rules by a Person Subjected to Administrative Punishment". For this purpose, a survey of 37 justices of the peace and 114 inspectors of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate of Irkutsk Oblast was conducted. Experts were asked to assess a number of points related to the personality of the offender, the potential for their resocialisation and the forecast of the development of the problem for the near future. Also, on the basis of empirical material, a typology of the criminal's personality was proposed and frequency characteristics of the occurrence of these or other types of violators were revealed. Thus, during the study, the following types of offenders were identified: 1) openly aggressive (obviously opposing, threatening, physically resisting); 2) passively aggressive (implicitly opposing, delaying the implementation of measures to detain, not signing the protocol); 3) cooperating (not resisting, recognising guilt and not protesting); 4) complainants (requesting release, referring to financial difficulties, life problems, trying to deceive road patrol officers); 5) corruption (recognising guilt and offering to let go for a reward); 6) self-confident (offering to release them due to their official position, available personal connections with the authorities of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate); 7) hypocritical (denying the fact of driving). Also, respondents expressed their views on possible measures to prevent crimes under Art. 264.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, among which were: car seizure, increased penalties, increased number of road patrol officers, ignition interlocks for violators' cars, change in the rules for alcohol products turnover, lifetime deprivation of driver's license and so on. In addition, experts were asked about the main trends in the development of the problem of drink-driving in Russia. Among road patrol officers, 25% indicated positive trends in the solution of this problem, 23% gave a negative forecast, 52% reported no observable significant changes. Among justices of the peace, only 11 % of the respondents gave a positive forecast, 89% answered that they did not expect a serious progress in solving the problem of drink-driving. According to experts, another important factor that makes it difficult to resocialise offenders is the lack of practice of coercive measures of a medical nature for them, namely, forced treatment for alcoholism. 100% of the interrogated justices of the peace reported that this measure is not used, since it is associated with the imposition of punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty, almost inapplicable for such crimes. Consequently, one of the key tools affecting drivers' alcoholisation has almost no practical application.

References

2. DWI Penalty Table-State of New Jersey. URL: http://www.state.nj.us/oag/dcj/agguide/dwi2005-penaltytable.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 2018-01-17).

3. Entsiklopediya ugolovnogo prava / otv. red. V.B. Malinin. T. 24 : Prestupleniya protiv bezopasnosti dvizheniya i ekspluatatsii transpor ta. SPb. : Izd-vo. prof. Malinina, 2014. 699 s.

4. P'yanye voditeli: lovyat chasto, sazhayut redko. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/auto/2017/09/14_a_10887542.shtml (data obrashcheniya: 18.01.2018).

5. V Rossii podschitali kolichestvo mashin na tysyachu zhitelei. URL: https://auto.vesti.ru/news/show/news_id/672222/ (data obrashcheniya: 18.01.2018).

7. Russkii ekspert: potreblenie alkogolya v Rossii. URL: https://ruxpert.ru/Potreblenie_alkogolya_v_Rossii (data obrashcheniya: 18.01.2018).

8. Kostogorov E. P'yanye voditeli obrushili statistiku. URL: https://www.gazeta.ru/auto/2017/05/19_a_ 10681493.shtml (data obrashcheniya: 26.02.2018).

9. Agil'din V.V. Nekotorye momenty ugolovno-pravovoi politiki bor'by s dorozhno-transportnymi prestupleniyami (na primere stat'i 1 UK RF) // Kriminologicheskii zhurnal Baikal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta ekonomiki i prava. 2016. T. 10, № 1. S. 117-125.

10. Filipenok A., Istomina M. MVD predlozhilo uvelichit' srok za povtornoe p'yanoe vozhdenie. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/society /23/10/2017/59ee24679a79475bfdbcb 1 a2 (data obrashcheniya: 23.02.2018).

11. Portal ofitsial'noi statisticheskoi otchetnosti GIBDD. URL: http://stat.gibdd.ru/ (data obrashcheniya: 01.02.2018).

12. Results from the. National Survey on Drug Use and Health : Summary of National Findings. U.S. department of health and human services. 2012. P. 164

13. Bob Dyer, Dyer Streets : DUI plates are another Ohio Flop, akron beacon J. (June 19, 2009, 2:30 AM). URL: http://www.ohio.com/news/ 48584482.html (data obrashcheniya: 03.08.2017).

Криминальная алкоголизация за рулем: взгляд правоприменителя и перспективы профилактики

Аннотация

Criminal drink-driving: a look of a law enforcement agent and perspectives of prevention

Abstract

События

EasyCookieInfo