Применение концепции «ответственность за защиту» в случае бедствий: вопрос расширительного толкования

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Вестник Томского государственного университета. 2017; : 219-224

Применение концепции «ответственность за защиту» в случае бедствий: вопрос расширительного толкования

Лисаускайте В. В.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/423/30

Аннотация

Исследуются возможности применения Концепции «Ответственность за защиту» к бедствиям. Дана общая характеристика проблемы; проанализированы международные документы; изучены позиции ученых; представлено мнение автора. Делается вывод о необходимости формирования компромиссного механизма реагирования на чрезвычайные ситуации, а само применение концепции не должно носить системный характер, и поэтому нельзя расширять перечень ситуаций применения Концепции.

Список литературы

1. Павлова Л.В. Концепция «ответственность за защиту»: анализ и правовая оценка // Журнал международного права и международных отношений. 2013. № 4. URL: http://www.evolutio.info/content/view/2114/215/ (дата обращения: 20.02.2017)

2. Wheatley S. Chechnyaand Humanitarian Interventions // New Law Journal. 2000. 14 January. P. 4-7

3. Thomas G. Weiss. The Responsibility to Protect: challenges & opportunities in light of the Libyan intervention // E-International Relations. 2011. November. P. 7-12

4. Доклад международной комиссии по вопросам вмешательства и государственного суверенитета ООН «Ответственность за защиту» от 14 августа 2002 г. № A/57/303 // Официальный сайт ООН. URL: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UND0C/GEN/N02/525/72/ IMG/N0252572.pdf?0penElement (дата обращения: 5.03.2017)

5. Сазонова К.Л. Концепция «ответственность за защиту» в миротворческой деятельности Организации объединенных наций // Юридическая наука. 2012. № 1. С. 96-100

6. Илюшенко А.А. Международное сотрудничество в ликвидации последствий землетрясения на Гаити (международно-правовые аспекты) // Международное право. 2010. № 02 (42). С. 51-60

7. Eburn Michael. Mainstreaming fire and emergency management across legal and policy sectors: joint research and policy learning // Environmental and Planning Law Journal. 2011. Vol. 28 (2). P. 59-76

8. Andrea de Guttry, Marco Gestri, Gabriella Venturini. International Disaster Response Law. Netherlands, 2014

9. Синякин И.И. Правомерность гуманитарной интервенции: Современные международно-правовые аспекты // Евразийский юридический журнал. 2012. № 10 (53). С. 50-58

Tomsk State University Journal. 2017; : 219-224

Application of the concept "responsibility to protect" in case of disasters: an issue of broad interpretation

Lisauskaite V. V.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/423/30

Abstract

The purpose of the research is the justification of the position of the author on the refraction of the concept "responsibility to protect" to disasters in the context of actions of the world community on the possibility of humanitarian intervention for assistance. The author builds the analysis on the basis of publications of Russian and foreign researchers. The position concerning the possibility of application of the concept "responsibility to protect" as such and in case of disasters is stated. The author uses norms of international law and positions of a number of experts in this area. Research is based on methods of logical, historical and system analysis, which allowed the author to draw corresponding conclusions. The analysis of the concept "responsibility to protect" in the scientific environment, including the Russian legal school, is not new. The concept determines conditions under which, by means of adoption of a resolution of the UNSC, the world community has the right to break peremptory norms of international law: to limit the state sovereignty, to interfere with internal affairs of the state, to break territorial integrity for protection of basic rights of the population of a concrete country. The interned state is responsible for the initial domestic policy that significantly violates human rights and international law in general, and, as a result, for actions of the world community compelled to carry out intervention. Foreign experts in their statements propagandize the concept "responsibility to protect", its broad interpretation and application, emphasize its importance and the importance of the draft articles developed by the International Law Commission of the UN on protection of people in case of disaster. At the same time, within this project the firm conventional principles of international law are traced, the impossibility of their violation in case of disasters is emphasized. As a result of the conducted research within the article, the author draws the following conclusions: before fixing the concept "responsibility to protect" concerning disasters within international law, it is necessary to introduce an international mechanism of interaction in emergency situations of natural and technogenic character on a voluntary basis by means of codification of the norms which are actively applied at the bilateral and regional level. It will allow to gradually create a certain states' perception of disasters, their consequences and need for cooperation. The developed project needs to be submitted for discussion within the United Nations General Assembly or a diplomatic conference whose result has to be its acceptance and coming into effect as a universal codifying act. Then it will be possible to speak about a possibility to modify the UN Charter on the expansion of competence of the UNSC and on the fixation of the concept "responsibility to protect", including cases of natural and techno-genic catastrophes.

References

1. Pavlova L.V. Kontseptsiya «otvetstvennost' za zashchitu»: analiz i pravovaya otsenka // Zhurnal mezhdunarodnogo prava i mezhdunarodnykh otnoshenii. 2013. № 4. URL: http://www.evolutio.info/content/view/2114/215/ (data obrashcheniya: 20.02.2017)

2. Wheatley S. Chechnyaand Humanitarian Interventions // New Law Journal. 2000. 14 January. P. 4-7

3. Thomas G. Weiss. The Responsibility to Protect: challenges & opportunities in light of the Libyan intervention // E-International Relations. 2011. November. P. 7-12

4. Doklad mezhdunarodnoi komissii po voprosam vmeshatel'stva i gosudarstvennogo suvereniteta OON «Otvetstvennost' za zashchitu» ot 14 avgusta 2002 g. № A/57/303 // Ofitsial'nyi sait OON. URL: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UND0C/GEN/N02/525/72/ IMG/N0252572.pdf?0penElement (data obrashcheniya: 5.03.2017)

5. Sazonova K.L. Kontseptsiya «otvetstvennost' za zashchitu» v mirotvorcheskoi deyatel'nosti Organizatsii ob\"edinennykh natsii // Yuridicheskaya nauka. 2012. № 1. S. 96-100

6. Ilyushenko A.A. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo v likvidatsii posledstvii zemletryaseniya na Gaiti (mezhdunarodno-pravovye aspekty) // Mezhdunarodnoe pravo. 2010. № 02 (42). S. 51-60

8. Andrea de Guttry, Marco Gestri, Gabriella Venturini. International Disaster Response Law. Netherlands, 2014

9. Sinyakin I.I. Pravomernost' gumanitarnoi interventsii: Sovremennye mezhdunarodno-pravovye aspekty // Evraziiskii yuridicheskii zhurnal. 2012. № 10 (53). S. 50-58

Применение концепции «ответственность за защиту» в случае бедствий: вопрос расширительного толкования

Аннотация

Application of the concept "responsibility to protect" in case of disasters: an issue of broad interpretation

Abstract

События