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Вестник Томского государственного университета. 2017; : 14-23

Особенности актуализации фрейма «толерантность» в русском и американском миграционных медиадискурсах

Диденко В. В.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/418/2

Аннотация

Представлены результаты исследования, направленного на выявление и анализ конкретных наполнителей фрейма «толерантность». В ходе исследования из русских и американских медиатекстов на тему миграции отобраны актуализации фрейма или его частей, выявлены конкретные наполнители и соотнесены с соответствующими слотами. В результате количественного анализа выделены аспекты фрейма, получающие наибольшую перспективацию в данном дискурсе. Методом сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа выделены сходства и различия между конкретными наполнителями фрейма в русском и американском медиадискурсе.
Список литературы

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Tomsk State University Journal. 2017; : 14-23

Actualizations of the frame of tolerance in Russian and American migration media discourses

Didenko V. V.

https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/418/2

Abstract

This article presents the results of the research of the frame tolerance. The aim of the research was revealing and analyzing the fillers of the frame. The material is represented by utterances with actualizations of the frame tolerance or of the parts of it. These utterances were extracted from the Russian and American media texts with the theme of migration. The research data corpus consists of 40 Russian and 40 American media texts from the Russian newspapers Argumenty i Fakty, Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Moskovskiy Komsomolets and American newspapers The New York Times and The Los Angeles Times. The main research methods include frame analysis, comparative analysis, classification, integration, and quantitative analysis. The research uses the integrated matrix frame model based on two models of action and state worked out by the German linguist K.-P. Konerding. The integrated model is implemented as a net or a skeleton of the abstract frame and consists of 15 slots. On the first stage of the research, explicit (direct) and quasi-explicit (non-direct) predications were identified in the utterances that include actualizations of the frame or its parts. The second stage concerns the analysis of the revealed predications and the extraction of the frame fillers out of them. While in case of explicit predications there is no need in any other operations, quasi-explicit predications should be transformed into explicit ones by shifting the frame reference object to the place of the subject of the sentence. On the third stage, the revealed frame fillers are related to the slots of the matrix frame. The fourth and the last stage of the research implements quantitative and comparative analysis of the frame fillers. The frame semantics methods proved to be relevant for the studying and representing of the knowledge structures formed in the particular type of discourse. They make it possible to structure and to classify particular aspects of knowledge and to reveal the most relevant of them. It should assist in conducting the following research analyses, e.g. comparative analysis of the frames or the whole discourses. The quantitative analysis of the fillers of the frame tolerance shows the perspectivations on its separate aspects in the media discourse under study. The results of this research are necessary for the next stage of the frame analysis that is for revealing the frame standard meanings. On the one hand, candidates to standard meanings are some implicit predications revealed on the text level. On the other hand, the most typical frame fillers could also provide access to the frame standard meanings. That is why the analysis of the frame fillers plays an important role on the last stage of the frame analysis that is the study of the standard meanings and, therefore, the revealing of the discourse strategies and background knowledge structures.
References

1. Minsky M. A Framework for Representing Knowledge. Massachusetts Institute of Technology // Artificial Intelligence. 1974. № 306. P. 6-81.

2. Fillmore Ch. Frame Semantics and the Nature of Language. Annals New York Academy of Sciences, 1976. P. 20-32.

3. Busse D. Frame-Semantik. Ein Kompendium. Berlin; Boston, 2012. 888 s.

4. Fraas C. Frames - ein qualitativer Zugang zur Analyse von Sinnstrukturen in der OnlineKommunikation // Job, Barbara/Mehler, Alexander/Sutter, Tilman (Hg.): Die Dynamik sozialer und sprachlicher Netzwerke. VS-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2011. S. 20-40.

5. Ziem A. Frames und sprachliche Wissen. Kognitive Aspekte der semantischen Kompetenz. Berlin, 2008. 485 s.

6. Konerding K.-P. Frames und lexikalisches Bedeutungswissen. Untersuchungen zur linguistischen Grundlegung einer Frametheorie und zu ihrer Anwendung in der Lexikographie. Tübingen : Niemeyer, 1993. 583 s.

7. Klein J. Frame als semantischer Theoriebegriff und als wissensdiagnostisches Instrumentarium // Interdisziplinarität und Methodenplyralismus in der Semantikforschung. 1999. S. 157-183.

8. Foucault M. Die Hauptwerke. Frankfurt am Main : Suhrkamp Verlag, 2013. 1686 s.

9. Filosofskie i lingvokul'turologicheskie problemy tolerantnosti / otv. red. N.A. Kupina i M.B. Khomyakov. M. : OLMA-PRESS, 2005. 542 s.

10. Walzer M. On Toleration. Yale University Press, 1997. 127 p.

11. Kymlicka W. Two Models of Pluralism and Tolerance // Analyse & Kritik, 1992. № 14 (1). P. 33-56. URL: http://www.analyse-undkritik.net/1992-1/AK_Kymlicka_1992.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 20.01.2017).

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