Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. 2019; : 48-63
Seed distribution drivers at an early stage of vegetation development in a sand quarry
https://doi.org/10.17223/19988591/46/3Аннотация
Distribution of viable seeds on the bare ground slope in a sand quarry located in the vicinity of Saint-Petersburg was studied in relation to the relief of the ground surface, species composition of pioneer communities and surrounding vegetation, as well as the timing of a growing season. Seeds were found even on bare ground and poorly vegetated sites. Ground contains three times more seeds in autumn than in early summer. Most of seeds belonged to perennial grasses (mainly anemochorous, apophytes, and weeds), with a few coming from other life-forms (from annuals to trees), which were spread in the quarry or in the surrounding vegetation. Seeds concentrated on the slope, their number was the lowest in the quarry bottom in both observation periods, since conditions favored to plant germination there. The microrelief of the ground surface can also influence seed distribution: in June, viable seeds mostly located in depressions. We suppose that in dissemination period, seeds of anemochorous plants concentrate on hillocks which trap them; however, more data is needed to conclusively prove this hypothesis.
The paper contains 3 Tables, 3 Figures and 49 References.
Список литературы
1. Harper JL. Population biology of plants. London, New York: Acad. Press; 1977, 892 p.
2. Grubb PJ. The uncoupling of disturbance and recruitment, two kinds of seed banks and persistence of plant populations. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 1988;25(1):23-26.
3. Koopmann B, Müller J, Tellier A, Živković D. Fisher-Wright model with deterministic seed bank and selection. Theor. Popul. Biol. 2017;114:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.tpb.2016.11.005
4. Plue J, Colas F, Auffret AG, Cousins SAO, Bekker R. Methodological bias in the seed bank flora holds significant implications for understanding seed bank community functions. Plant Biol. 2017;19(2):201-210. doi: 10.1111/plb.12516
5. Bossuyt B, Honnay O. Can the seed bank be used for ecological restoration? An overview of seed bank characteristics in European communities. J. Veg. Sci. 2008;19:875-884. doi: 10.3170/2008-8-18462
6. Dureau de la Malle, AJCA. Mémoire sur l’alternance ou sur ce problème: la succession alternative dans la reproduction des espèces végétales vivant en sociéte est-elle une loi générale de la nature. Annales des sciences naturelles.1825;5:353-381. In France
7. Helsen K, Hermy M, Honnay O. Changes in the species and functional trait composition of the seed bank during semi-natural grassland assembly: seed bank disassembly or ecological palimpsest? J. Veg. Sci. 2015;26(1):58-67. doi: 10.1111/jvs.12210
8. Chaideftou E, Kallimanis AS, Bergmeier E, Dimopoulos P. How does plant species composition change from year to year? A case study from the herbaceous layer of a submediterranean oak woodland. Community Ecol. 2012;13(1):88-96. doi: 10.1556/comec.13.2012.1.11
9. Hoekstra JM, Boucher TM, Ricketts TH, Roberts C. Confronting a biome crisis: global disparities of habitat loss and protection. Ecol. Lett. 2005;8:23-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1461- 0248.2004.00686.x
10. Řehounková K, Prach K. Spontaneous vegetation succession in gravel-sand pits: a potential for restoration. Restor. Ecol. 2008;16(2):305-312. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2006.tb02482.x
11. Sumina OI. Sravneniye floristicheskogo sostava rastitel’nosti kar’yerov, raspolozhennykh v raznykh rayonakh Kraynego Severa Rossii [Comparison of the floristic composition of the vegetation of quarries located in different regions of the Far North of Russia]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal = Botanical Journal. 2010;95(3):368-380. In Russian
12. Sumina OI. Formirovanie rastitel’nosti na tekhnogennykh mestoobitaniyakh Kraynego Severa Rossii [Development of vegetation in technogenic habitats of the Russian Far North]. Saint-Petersburg: Inform-Navigator Publ.; 2013. 340 p. In Russian
13. Pakeman RJ. Consistency of plant species and trait responses to grazing along a productivity gradient: a multi-site analysis. Ecology. 2004;92:893-905. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-0477.2004.00928.x
14. van der Valk AG. Establishment, colonization and persistence. In: Plant succession. Theory and prediction. Glenn-Lewin DC, editor. London, Glasgow: New York Chapman and Hall; 1992. pp. 60-102.
15. Walker LR. Patterns and processes in primary succession. In: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground. Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 16. Walker LR, editor. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: Elsevier Publ.; 1999. pp. 585-610.
16. Sheldon JC. Behavior of seeds in soil. 3. Influence of seed morphology and behavior of seedlings on establishment of plants from surface-lying seeds. J. Ecol. 1974;62(1):47-66.
17. Chapin DM, Bliss LC. Seedling growth, physiology, and survivorship in a subalpine, volcanic environment. Ecology. 1989;70(5):1325-1334.
18. Matthews JA. The ecology of recently-deglaciated terrain. A geological approach to glacier forelands and primary succession. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press; 1992. 386 p.
19. Kapelkina LP, Sumina OI, Lavrinenko IA, Lavrineneko OV, Tikhmenev EA, Mironova SI. Samozarastaniye narushennykh zemel’ Severa [Natural revegetation on disturbed lands of the North]. St. Petersburg: VVM Press; 2014. 204 p. In Russian
20. Chapin FS. III. Physiological controls over plant establishment in primary succession. In: Primary succession on land. Miles J and Walson DWH, editors. Oxford, London: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1993. pp. 161-178.
21. Matthews JA, Whittaker RJ. Vegetation succession on the Storbreen glacier foreland, Jotunheimen, Norway. Arct. Alp. Res. 1987;19(4):385-395.
22. Chambers JC, MacMahon JA, Brown RW. Alpine seedling establishment: the influence of disturbance type. Ecology. 1990;71(4):1323-1341.
23. Jumpponen A, Vare H, Mattson KG, Ohtonen R, Trappe JM. Characterization of “safe sites” for pioneers in primary succession on recently deglaciated terrain. J. Ecol. 1999;87:98-105.
24. Walker LR, Bellingham PJ, Peltzer DA. Plant characteristics are poor predictors of microsite colonization during the first two years of primary succession. J. Veg. Sci. 2006;17(3):397- 406. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2006.tb02460.x
25. Enright NJ, Lamont BB. Seed banks, fire season, safe sites and seedling recruitment in five co-occurring Banksia species. J. Ecol. 1989;77:1111-1112.
26. Borgegård SO. Vegetation development in abandoned gravel pits: effects for surrounding vegetation, substrate, and region. J. Veg. Sci. 1990;1:675-682.
27. Harper KA, Kershaw GP. Soil characteristics of 48-year-old borrow pits and vehicle tracks in shrub tundra along the canol No.1 Pipeline corridor, Northwest Territories, Canada. Arct. Alp. Res. 1997;29:105-111.
28. Cannone N, Gerdol R. Vegetation as an ecological indicator of surface instability in Rock Glaciers. Arct., Antarct., Alp. Res. 2003;35(3):384-390. doi: 10.1657/1523-0430(2003)035[0384:VA AEIO]2.0.CO;2
29. Grubb PJ. The ecology of establishment. In: Ecology and design in landscape. Bradshaw AD, Goode DA and Thorp EHS, editors. Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ.; 1986. pp. 83-98.
30. Komarkova V, Wielgolaski FE. Stress and disturbance in cold region ecosystems. In: Ecosystems of disturbed ground. Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 16. Walker LR, editor. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: Elsevier Publ.; 1999. pp. 39-122.
31. Jorgenson MT, Kidd JG, Carter TC, Bishop S, Racine CH. Long-term evaluation of methods for rehabilitation of lands disturbed by industrial development in the Arctic. In: Social and environmental impacts in the North. NATO Science Series (Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences). Vol. 31. Rasmussen RO and Koroleva NE, editors. NATO Science Series (Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences). Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Acad. Publ.; 2003. pp. 173-190. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-1054-2_13
32. Reader R J, Buck J. Topographic variation in the abundance of Hieracium floribundum: relative importance of differential seed dispersal, seedling establishment, plant-survival and reproduction. J. Ecol. 1986;74(3):815-822.
33. Grubb PJ. Some generalizing ideas about colonization and succession in green plants and fungi. In: Colonization, succession and stability. Gray AJ, Crawley MJ and Edwards PJ, editors. Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ.; 1987. pp. 81-102.
34. Martineau Y, Saugier B. A process-based model of old field succession linking ecosystem and community ecology. Ecol. Model. 2007;204(3-4):399-419. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.01.023
35. Egler FE. Vegetation science concepts I. Initial floristic composition, a factor in old-field vegetation development with 2 figs. Vegetatio. 1954;4(6):412-417.
36. Wilson JB. Does the Initial Floristic Composition model of succession really work? J. Veg. Sci. 2014;25(1):4-5.
37. Forcella F, Webster T, Cardina J. Protocols for weed seed bank determination in agroecosystems. In: Weed management for developing countries. Addendum 1. Labrada R, editor. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper. 2003;120(Add.1):3-18.
38. Dessaint F, Barralis G, Caixinhas ML, Major J-P, Recasens J, Zanin G. Precision of soil seedbank sampling: How many soil cores? Weed Research. 1996;36:143-151.
39. Cherepanov SK. Sosudistye rasteniya Rossii i sopredel’nyh gosudarstv (v predelah byvshego SSSR) [Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)]. St. Petersburg: Mir & Sem’ya-95 Publ.; 1995. 991 p. In Russian
40. Kemény G, Nagy Z, Tuba Z. Application of nested samples to study the soil seed bank in semiarid sandy grassland. Acta Bot. Hung. 2003;45(1-2):127-137.
41. Gonzalez S, Ghermandi L. Comparison of methods to estimate soil seed banks: The role of seed size and mass. Community Ecol. 2012;13(2):238-242. doi: 10.1556/ComEc.13.2012.2.14
42. Maysuryan NA, Atabekova AI. Opredelitel semyan i plodov sornykh rasteniy [Guide of seeds and fruits of weeds]. Moscow: Kolos Publ.; 1978. 288 p. In Russian
43. Bojňanský V, Fargašová A. Atlas of seeds and fruits of Central and East-European flora. Netherlands: Springer Publ.; 2007. 1046 p. doi: 10.1007/s10933-009-9319-6
44. Mesgaran MB, Mashhadi HR, Zand E, Alizadeh HM. Comparison of three methodologies for efficient seed extraction in studies of soil weed seed banks. Weed Research. 2007;47(6):472-478.
45. Gubanov IA. Mat’-i-machekha obyknovennaya. Biologicheskaya flora Moskovskoy oblasti [Coltsfoot. Biological flora of Moscow Region. Vol. 1]. Moscow: MGU Publ.; 1974. pp. 169-181. In Russian
46. Sheptukhov VN, Gafurov RM, Papaskiri TV. Atlas osnovnykh vidov sornykh rasteniy Rossii [Atlas of the main species of weed plants in Russia]. Moscow: Kolos Publ.; 2009. 192 p. In Russian
47. Bossuyt B, Butaye J, Honney O. Seed bank composition of open and overgrown calcareous grassland soils - a case study from Southern Belgium. J. Environmental Management. 2006;79:364-371. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.08.005
48. Fagan KC, Pywell RF, Bullock JM, Marrs RH. The seed banks of English lowland calcareous grasslands along restoration chronosequence. Plant Ecol. 2010;208:199-211. doi: 10.1007/s11258-009-9698-9
49. Mary Kalin T, Arroyo MTK, Cavieres LA, Castor C, Humana AM. Persistent soil seed bank and standing vegetation at a high alpine site in the central Chilean Andes. Oecol. 1999;119:126-132. doi: 10.1007/s004420050768
Tomsk State University Journal of Biology. 2019; : 48-63
Seed distribution drivers at an early stage of vegetation development in a sand quarry
https://doi.org/10.17223/19988591/46/3Abstract
Distribution of viable seeds on the bare ground slope in a sand quarry located in the vicinity of Saint-Petersburg was studied in relation to the relief of the ground surface, species composition of pioneer communities and surrounding vegetation, as well as the timing of a growing season. Seeds were found even on bare ground and poorly vegetated sites. Ground contains three times more seeds in autumn than in early summer. Most of seeds belonged to perennial grasses (mainly anemochorous, apophytes, and weeds), with a few coming from other life-forms (from annuals to trees), which were spread in the quarry or in the surrounding vegetation. Seeds concentrated on the slope, their number was the lowest in the quarry bottom in both observation periods, since conditions favored to plant germination there. The microrelief of the ground surface can also influence seed distribution: in June, viable seeds mostly located in depressions. We suppose that in dissemination period, seeds of anemochorous plants concentrate on hillocks which trap them; however, more data is needed to conclusively prove this hypothesis.
The paper contains 3 Tables, 3 Figures and 49 References.
References
1. Harper JL. Population biology of plants. London, New York: Acad. Press; 1977, 892 p.
2. Grubb PJ. The uncoupling of disturbance and recruitment, two kinds of seed banks and persistence of plant populations. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 1988;25(1):23-26.
3. Koopmann B, Müller J, Tellier A, Živković D. Fisher-Wright model with deterministic seed bank and selection. Theor. Popul. Biol. 2017;114:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.tpb.2016.11.005
4. Plue J, Colas F, Auffret AG, Cousins SAO, Bekker R. Methodological bias in the seed bank flora holds significant implications for understanding seed bank community functions. Plant Biol. 2017;19(2):201-210. doi: 10.1111/plb.12516
5. Bossuyt B, Honnay O. Can the seed bank be used for ecological restoration? An overview of seed bank characteristics in European communities. J. Veg. Sci. 2008;19:875-884. doi: 10.3170/2008-8-18462
6. Dureau de la Malle, AJCA. Mémoire sur l’alternance ou sur ce problème: la succession alternative dans la reproduction des espèces végétales vivant en sociéte est-elle une loi générale de la nature. Annales des sciences naturelles.1825;5:353-381. In France
7. Helsen K, Hermy M, Honnay O. Changes in the species and functional trait composition of the seed bank during semi-natural grassland assembly: seed bank disassembly or ecological palimpsest? J. Veg. Sci. 2015;26(1):58-67. doi: 10.1111/jvs.12210
8. Chaideftou E, Kallimanis AS, Bergmeier E, Dimopoulos P. How does plant species composition change from year to year? A case study from the herbaceous layer of a submediterranean oak woodland. Community Ecol. 2012;13(1):88-96. doi: 10.1556/comec.13.2012.1.11
9. Hoekstra JM, Boucher TM, Ricketts TH, Roberts C. Confronting a biome crisis: global disparities of habitat loss and protection. Ecol. Lett. 2005;8:23-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1461- 0248.2004.00686.x
10. Řehounková K, Prach K. Spontaneous vegetation succession in gravel-sand pits: a potential for restoration. Restor. Ecol. 2008;16(2):305-312. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2006.tb02482.x
11. Sumina OI. Sravneniye floristicheskogo sostava rastitel’nosti kar’yerov, raspolozhennykh v raznykh rayonakh Kraynego Severa Rossii [Comparison of the floristic composition of the vegetation of quarries located in different regions of the Far North of Russia]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal = Botanical Journal. 2010;95(3):368-380. In Russian
12. Sumina OI. Formirovanie rastitel’nosti na tekhnogennykh mestoobitaniyakh Kraynego Severa Rossii [Development of vegetation in technogenic habitats of the Russian Far North]. Saint-Petersburg: Inform-Navigator Publ.; 2013. 340 p. In Russian
13. Pakeman RJ. Consistency of plant species and trait responses to grazing along a productivity gradient: a multi-site analysis. Ecology. 2004;92:893-905. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-0477.2004.00928.x
14. van der Valk AG. Establishment, colonization and persistence. In: Plant succession. Theory and prediction. Glenn-Lewin DC, editor. London, Glasgow: New York Chapman and Hall; 1992. pp. 60-102.
15. Walker LR. Patterns and processes in primary succession. In: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground. Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 16. Walker LR, editor. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: Elsevier Publ.; 1999. pp. 585-610.
16. Sheldon JC. Behavior of seeds in soil. 3. Influence of seed morphology and behavior of seedlings on establishment of plants from surface-lying seeds. J. Ecol. 1974;62(1):47-66.
17. Chapin DM, Bliss LC. Seedling growth, physiology, and survivorship in a subalpine, volcanic environment. Ecology. 1989;70(5):1325-1334.
18. Matthews JA. The ecology of recently-deglaciated terrain. A geological approach to glacier forelands and primary succession. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press; 1992. 386 p.
19. Kapelkina LP, Sumina OI, Lavrinenko IA, Lavrineneko OV, Tikhmenev EA, Mironova SI. Samozarastaniye narushennykh zemel’ Severa [Natural revegetation on disturbed lands of the North]. St. Petersburg: VVM Press; 2014. 204 p. In Russian
20. Chapin FS. III. Physiological controls over plant establishment in primary succession. In: Primary succession on land. Miles J and Walson DWH, editors. Oxford, London: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1993. pp. 161-178.
21. Matthews JA, Whittaker RJ. Vegetation succession on the Storbreen glacier foreland, Jotunheimen, Norway. Arct. Alp. Res. 1987;19(4):385-395.
22. Chambers JC, MacMahon JA, Brown RW. Alpine seedling establishment: the influence of disturbance type. Ecology. 1990;71(4):1323-1341.
23. Jumpponen A, Vare H, Mattson KG, Ohtonen R, Trappe JM. Characterization of “safe sites” for pioneers in primary succession on recently deglaciated terrain. J. Ecol. 1999;87:98-105.
24. Walker LR, Bellingham PJ, Peltzer DA. Plant characteristics are poor predictors of microsite colonization during the first two years of primary succession. J. Veg. Sci. 2006;17(3):397- 406. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2006.tb02460.x
25. Enright NJ, Lamont BB. Seed banks, fire season, safe sites and seedling recruitment in five co-occurring Banksia species. J. Ecol. 1989;77:1111-1112.
26. Borgegård SO. Vegetation development in abandoned gravel pits: effects for surrounding vegetation, substrate, and region. J. Veg. Sci. 1990;1:675-682.
27. Harper KA, Kershaw GP. Soil characteristics of 48-year-old borrow pits and vehicle tracks in shrub tundra along the canol No.1 Pipeline corridor, Northwest Territories, Canada. Arct. Alp. Res. 1997;29:105-111.
28. Cannone N, Gerdol R. Vegetation as an ecological indicator of surface instability in Rock Glaciers. Arct., Antarct., Alp. Res. 2003;35(3):384-390. doi: 10.1657/1523-0430(2003)035[0384:VA AEIO]2.0.CO;2
29. Grubb PJ. The ecology of establishment. In: Ecology and design in landscape. Bradshaw AD, Goode DA and Thorp EHS, editors. Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ.; 1986. pp. 83-98.
30. Komarkova V, Wielgolaski FE. Stress and disturbance in cold region ecosystems. In: Ecosystems of disturbed ground. Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 16. Walker LR, editor. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: Elsevier Publ.; 1999. pp. 39-122.
31. Jorgenson MT, Kidd JG, Carter TC, Bishop S, Racine CH. Long-term evaluation of methods for rehabilitation of lands disturbed by industrial development in the Arctic. In: Social and environmental impacts in the North. NATO Science Series (Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences). Vol. 31. Rasmussen RO and Koroleva NE, editors. NATO Science Series (Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences). Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Acad. Publ.; 2003. pp. 173-190. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-1054-2_13
32. Reader R J, Buck J. Topographic variation in the abundance of Hieracium floribundum: relative importance of differential seed dispersal, seedling establishment, plant-survival and reproduction. J. Ecol. 1986;74(3):815-822.
33. Grubb PJ. Some generalizing ideas about colonization and succession in green plants and fungi. In: Colonization, succession and stability. Gray AJ, Crawley MJ and Edwards PJ, editors. Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ.; 1987. pp. 81-102.
34. Martineau Y, Saugier B. A process-based model of old field succession linking ecosystem and community ecology. Ecol. Model. 2007;204(3-4):399-419. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.01.023
35. Egler FE. Vegetation science concepts I. Initial floristic composition, a factor in old-field vegetation development with 2 figs. Vegetatio. 1954;4(6):412-417.
36. Wilson JB. Does the Initial Floristic Composition model of succession really work? J. Veg. Sci. 2014;25(1):4-5.
37. Forcella F, Webster T, Cardina J. Protocols for weed seed bank determination in agroecosystems. In: Weed management for developing countries. Addendum 1. Labrada R, editor. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper. 2003;120(Add.1):3-18.
38. Dessaint F, Barralis G, Caixinhas ML, Major J-P, Recasens J, Zanin G. Precision of soil seedbank sampling: How many soil cores? Weed Research. 1996;36:143-151.
39. Cherepanov SK. Sosudistye rasteniya Rossii i sopredel’nyh gosudarstv (v predelah byvshego SSSR) [Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)]. St. Petersburg: Mir & Sem’ya-95 Publ.; 1995. 991 p. In Russian
40. Kemény G, Nagy Z, Tuba Z. Application of nested samples to study the soil seed bank in semiarid sandy grassland. Acta Bot. Hung. 2003;45(1-2):127-137.
41. Gonzalez S, Ghermandi L. Comparison of methods to estimate soil seed banks: The role of seed size and mass. Community Ecol. 2012;13(2):238-242. doi: 10.1556/ComEc.13.2012.2.14
42. Maysuryan NA, Atabekova AI. Opredelitel semyan i plodov sornykh rasteniy [Guide of seeds and fruits of weeds]. Moscow: Kolos Publ.; 1978. 288 p. In Russian
43. Bojňanský V, Fargašová A. Atlas of seeds and fruits of Central and East-European flora. Netherlands: Springer Publ.; 2007. 1046 p. doi: 10.1007/s10933-009-9319-6
44. Mesgaran MB, Mashhadi HR, Zand E, Alizadeh HM. Comparison of three methodologies for efficient seed extraction in studies of soil weed seed banks. Weed Research. 2007;47(6):472-478.
45. Gubanov IA. Mat’-i-machekha obyknovennaya. Biologicheskaya flora Moskovskoy oblasti [Coltsfoot. Biological flora of Moscow Region. Vol. 1]. Moscow: MGU Publ.; 1974. pp. 169-181. In Russian
46. Sheptukhov VN, Gafurov RM, Papaskiri TV. Atlas osnovnykh vidov sornykh rasteniy Rossii [Atlas of the main species of weed plants in Russia]. Moscow: Kolos Publ.; 2009. 192 p. In Russian
47. Bossuyt B, Butaye J, Honney O. Seed bank composition of open and overgrown calcareous grassland soils - a case study from Southern Belgium. J. Environmental Management. 2006;79:364-371. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.08.005
48. Fagan KC, Pywell RF, Bullock JM, Marrs RH. The seed banks of English lowland calcareous grasslands along restoration chronosequence. Plant Ecol. 2010;208:199-211. doi: 10.1007/s11258-009-9698-9
49. Mary Kalin T, Arroyo MTK, Cavieres LA, Castor C, Humana AM. Persistent soil seed bank and standing vegetation at a high alpine site in the central Chilean Andes. Oecol. 1999;119:126-132. doi: 10.1007/s004420050768
