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Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. 2016; : 140-158

Динамика содержания пигментов в листьях Begonia grandis Dryander subsp. grandis при интродукции в Западной Сибири (г Новосибирск)

Карпова Е. А., Фершалова Т. Д.

https://doi.org/ 10.17223/19988591/33/9

Аннотация

Впервые изучена динамика содержания пигментов листьев (хлорофиллов a и b, каротиноидов, антоцианов) и показателей физиологического состояния (соотношений хлорофилл a / хлорофилл b, хлорофилл / каротиноиды, хлорофилл / антоцианы) в течение сезона вегетации у растений Begonia grandis subsp. grandis, интродуцированных в Западной Сибири в условиях оранжереи и открытого грунта. В весенний период активного роста выявлены максимальные показатели содержания хлорофилла (8-9 мг/г абсолютно сухой массы), каротиноидов (4-5 мг/г) и антоцианов (18-20 мг/г). Установлено, что характер динамики пигментов с мая по конец сентября аналогичен в оранжерее и в открытом грунте. Для периодов адаптации характерны более низкие величины соотношений хлорофилл / каротиноиды (1,3-4,4) и хлорофилл / антоцианы (0,3-1,0) по сравнению с благоприятными периодами (5,5-6,2 и 2-2,1 соответственно). В условиях воздействия низкой температуры значительно больше антоцианов содержат листья оранжерейных растений, находящихся в более благоприятных условиях и имеющих более высокий физиологический статус. Переход к состоянию покоя B. grandis subsp. grandis при интродукции в оранжерее не сопровождается значительным уменьшением содержания хлорофилла и накоплением антоцианов.
Список литературы

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Tomsk State University Journal of Biology. 2016; : 140-158

Dynamics of leaf pigments content of Begonia grandis Dryander subsp. grandis introduced in West Siberia (Novosibirsk)

Karpova E. A., Fershalova T. D.

https://doi.org/ 10.17223/19988591/33/9

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the dynamics of pigment content in leaves (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and anthocyanins) and indicators of physiological state (chlorophyll a/b ratio, chlorophyll a+b/total carotenoids, chlorophyll a+b/ anthocyanins) during the growing season of B. grandis subsp. grandis plants, introduced in Western Siberia (Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk) in the greenhouse and the open ground. We determined pigment content in fresh leaves by the spectrophotometric method. We measured the absorption of ethanol extracts at 649 nm, 664 nm and 470 nm (chlorophylls, carotenoids) and aqueous extracts acidified with hydrochloric acid at 529 nm and 650 nm (anthocyanins). We studied anthocyanin composition by the thin layer chromatography on Silufol plates of 15 x15 cm in the solvent systems chloroform -ethyl acetate - formic acid - water 24 : 20: 16: 1 and chloroform - ethanol - formic acid 9:1:0.5. We found maximum values of chlorophyll a+b (8-9 mg/g dry weight), anthocyanins (18-20 mg/g) and total carotenoids (4-5 mg/g) during the spring period of active growth. We established that the dynamics of pigments in the greenhouse and the open ground from May to the end of September were similar. Chlorophyll a+b content ranges from 6 mg/g and above in a favorable environment to 1.4 mg/g during periods of temperature drops and frost. Dynamics of carotenoids and anthocyanins are opposite to the dynamics of chlorophyll, minimal values are seen in June-Julay (0.3-0.7 mg/g and 1.2 mg/g, respectively), while maximal values are observed in the conditions of temperature drops (1-2 mg/g and 2-9 mg/g). We found that anthocyanin content under low temperature conditions was higher in leaves of greenhouse plants being under more favorable conditions and having higher physiological status than plants of open ground. We revealed that ratio values of chlorophyll a+b/total carotenoids (1,3-4,4) and chlorophyll a+b / anthocyanins (0.3-1.0) in leaves for a period of B. grandis subsp. grandis adaptation were lower in comparison to the favorable period (5,5-6,2 and 2-2 1, respectively). We demonstrated that the transition to a dormant phase of B. grandis subsp. grandis introduced in the greenhouse was not accompanied by a significant decrease in chlorophyll content and accumulation of anthocyanins. The article contains 6 Figures, 1 Table, 25 References.
References

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13. Lopes da Silva F., Escribano-Bailon M.T., Alonso J.J.P., Rivas-Gonzalo J.C., Santos-Buelga C. Anthocyanin pigments in strawberry // LWT-Food Science and Technology. 2007. Vol. 40, № 2. P. 374-382.

14. Horbowicz M., Mioduszewska H., Koczkodaj D., Saniewski M. The effect of methyl jasmonate and phenolic acids on growth of seedlings and accumulation of anthocyanins in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) // ActaAgrobotanica. 2009. Vol. 62, № 1. P. 49-56.

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18. Burritt D.J., Mackenzie S. Antioxidant metabolism during acclimation of Begonia x erythrophylla to high light levels // Annals of Botany. 2003. Vol. 91. P. 783-794.

19. Harborne J.B. Spectral methods of characterizing anthocyanins // Biochem. J. 1958. Vol. 70. P. 22-28.

20. Escribano-Bailon M.T., Santos-Buelga C., Rivas-Gonzalo J.C. Anthocyanins in cereals // Journal of Chromatography A. 2004. Vol. 1054. P. 129-141.

21. Karageorgou P., Manetas Y. The importance of being red when young: anthocyanins and the protection of young leaves of Quercus coccifera from insect herbivory and excess light // Tree Physiology. 2006. Vol. 26. P. 613-621.

22. Merzlyak M.N., Chivkunova O.B., Solovchenko A.E., Naqvi K.R. Light absorption by anthocyanins in juvenile, stressed, and senescing leaves // Journal of Experimental Botany. 2008. Vol. 59, № 14. P. 3903-3911.

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24. Solovchenko A., Schmitz-Eiberger M. Significance of skin flavonoids for UV-B-protection in apple fruits // Journal of Experimental botany. 2003. Vol. 54, № 389. P. 1977-1984.

25. Tebbitt M.C. Begonias: cultivation, identification, and natural history. Portland, 2005. 270 p.