Рецепт. 2020; : 781-792
Роль сурфактантной системы в изменениях вентиляционно-перфузионных взаимоотношений легких при физических нагрузках различной продолжительности
https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2020.23.5.0014Аннотация
Цель. Комплексное изучение структурной перестройки респираторного отдела легких при физической нагрузке в эксперименте, определение морфологического эквивалента в аэрогематическом барьере. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования послужили легкие крыс. Исследования проводились на белых беспородных крысах-самцах молодого половозрелого возраста (5–10 мес.) массой тела 120–150 г. Результаты. В результате проведенных исследований выявлено, что после острой физической нагрузки происходит нарушение выработки и утилизации сурфактанта, увеличивая количество дистелектазов, гиповентиляционный ацидоз. В умеренном режиме физической нагрузки данные об электронно-гистохимической реакции на сурфактант и кислотно-щелочном состоянии в крови свидетельствуют о нестабильности мембранных компонентов аэрогематического барьера (АГБ), процессе образования и утилизации сурфактанта, организации интерстициального и межальвеолярного типа отека легкого, что приводит к углублению тканевой гипоксии. Ультраструктура альвеолярных макрофагов при острой, умеренной и продолжительной физической нагрузке демонстрирует рост количества свободных макрофагов с сильным эффектом «поглотителя» их осмиофильной пластинки, что способствует уменьшению количества и интенсивности сурфактанта. Итак, острая, умеренная и продолжительная физическая нагрузка складывается из изменений структуры АОБ и альвеолярного эпителия, продукции и утилизации сурфактанта. Данные электронно-гистохимических реакций на сурфактант и кислотно-щелочной состав крови указывают на нестабильность компонентов мембраны AГB, процесса производства и использования сурфактанта. Выводы. Режим острой и длительной физической нагрузки вызывает нарушения в структурах АГБ и альвеолярного эпителия, продукции и утилизации сурфактанта. Данные электронно-цитохимической реакции на сурфактант и КЩС крови указывают на нестабильность мембранного компонента АГБ, процессов продукции и утилизации сурфактанта.
Список литературы
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25. Doyle T., Lones M., Barr H. (1994) Composition of human surfactant varies with exercise and level of fitness. Am. J. Respire. criticare medicine,vol. 149, no 6, pp. 1619–1627.
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Recipe. 2020; : 781-792
The Role of the Surfactant System in the Changesof the Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships of the Lungs during Physical Exercise of Various Duration
https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2020.23.5.0014Abstract
References
1. Lomas D., Silverman E., Edwards L. (2009) Serum surfactant protein D is steroid sensitive and associated with exacerbations of CORD. Eur. Respir.,vol. 34, no 1, pp. 95–102.
2. Piepoli M., Scott A., Capucci A. (2001) Skeletal muscle training in chronic heart failure. Acta Physical Scand., England, vol. 171, no 3, pp. 295–303.
3. Utter A., Whitcomb D., Nieman D. (2000) Effects of exercise training on gallbladder function in an obese female population. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., USA, vol. 32, no 1, pp. 41–45.
4. Wang A., Jaggers J., Ungcrleider R. (2003) Exercise echocardiographic comparison of pulmonary autograft and aortic homograft replacements for aortic valve disease in adults. J. Heart Valve Dis., England, vol. 12, no 2, pp. 202–208.
5. Hoegh S., Sorensen G., Tornoe I. (2009) Long-term stability and circadian variation in circulating levels of surfactant protein D. Immunobiology, vol. 215, no 4, pp. 314–320.
6. Mercuro G., Panzuto M., Bina A. (2000) Cardiac function, physical exercise capacity and quality of life during long-term thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine: effect of individual dose tailoring. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., USA, vol. 85, no 1, pp. 159–164.
7. Pastva A., Estell K., Trenton R. (2004) Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Airway Inflammatory Responses in a Mouse Model of Atopic Asthma. J. Immunol., vol. 172, no 7, pp. 4520–4526.
8. Szot W., Lang-Mlynarska D., Wojtowicz B. (2002) Effect of physical training on growth and total cardiovascular and respiratory capacity in pupils from schools with different physical training programs. Przegl. Lek., Poland, vol. 60, no 6, pp. 76–80.
9. Birkun A., Nestorov E., Kobozev G. (1981) Surfaktant legkix [Surfactant of the lungs]. Kiev: Zdorov’ya, 160 p. (in Russian)
10. Salvadori A., Fonari P., Tovaglieri I. (2008) Ventilation and its Control during Incremental Exercise in Obesity. Respiration, vol. 75, pp. 26–33.
11. De Pascuale C., Arnolda L., Doule I. (2005) Circulating surfactant protein B levels increase acutely in response to exercise induced ventricular dysfunction. Clin. Experim. Pharmacology. Physiology, vol. 32, no 8, pp. 622–627.
12. Crouch E. (2000) Surfactant protein D and pulmonary host defense. Respiratory Reserch, no 1, pp. 93–108.
13. Su S. Chen H. Jen C. (2005) Exercise enhances surfactant – Mediated phagocytosis bronchoalveolar macrophages. Clin. J. Physiol., vol. 48, no 4, pp. 210–216.
14. Kikkawa J., Swith F. (1978) The Type II epithelial cell in Lung. Lab Invest, vol. 38, no 1, pp. 45–51.
15. Pattle R., Schoct C., Creasey J. (1972) Electron microscopy of the lung surfactant. Experientia, Basel, vol. 28, no 3, pp. 286–287.
16. Pattle R., Schoct C., Creasey J. (1972) Electron microscopy of the lung surfactant. Experientia, Basel, vol. 28, no 3, pp. 286–287.
17. Kikkawa J., Swith F. (1978) The Type II epithelial cell in Lung. Lab Invest, vol. 38, no 1, pp. 45–51.
18. Zil`ber A.P. (1977) Klinicheskaya fiziologiya dlya anesteziologov [Clinical physiology for anesthetists]. M.: Medicina, 431 p. (in Russian)
19. Czagareli Z.G., Gogiashvili L.E., Sadunishvili M.A. (1988) Morfo-funkcional`naya xarakteristika kletok Klara pri gipoksii u kry`s po danny`m skaniruyushhej i transmissionnoj e`lektronnoj mikroskopii [Morphofunctional characteristics of Club cells in hypoxia in rats, according to the data of scanning and transmission electron microscopy]. Byull. E`ksper. Biol. i med., no 9, pp. 363–365.
20. Abesadze M.R. (1990) Morfogenez e`mfizemy` legkix pri razny`x usloviyax modelirovaniya [Morphogenesis of lung emphysema in different conditions of modelling]. (PhD Thesis). Tbilisi, 20 p. (in Russian)
21. Vieira R., Claudino R., Duarte A. (2007) Aerobic Exercise Decreases Chronic Allergic Lung Inflammation and Airway Remodeling in Mice. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med., USA, 2007, vol. 176, no 9, pp. 871-877.
22. Vieira R, de Andrade V., Duarte A. (2008) Aerobic conditioning and allergic pulmonary inflammation in mace. II. Effects on lung vascular and parenchymal inflammation and remodeling. Am. J. Physiol. Lung. Mol. Physiol., USA, vol. 295, no 4, pp. 670–679.
23. D’Andrea A., Caso P., Galderisi M. (2001) Assessment of myocardial response to physical exercise in endurance w competitive athletes by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging. Am. J. Cardiol., USA, vol. 87, no 10, pp. 1226–1130.
24. Perrey S., Candau R., Rouillon J. (2003) The effect of prolonged submaximal exercise on gas exchange kinetics and ventilation during heavy exercise in humans. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., Germany, vol. 89, no 6, pp. 587–594.
25. Doyle T., Lones M., Barr H. (1994) Composition of human surfactant varies with exercise and level of fitness. Am. J. Respire. criticare medicine,vol. 149, no 6, pp. 1619–1627.
26. Tokumuru U., Yoshiba S., Kojima Y. (2002) Impaired cardiorespiratory response to, brief sudden strenuous exercise in the postoperative tetralogy of fallot patients: a ten-second pedaling test. Pediatr. Cardiol., USA, vol. 23, no 5, pp. 496–501.
27. Clark A., Cleland J. (2001) How do you measure exercise capacity in chronic heart failure. Eur. Heart J., England, vol. 22, no 8, pp. 627–628.
28. Belotserkovskii Z., Liubina B. Structural and functional feature of the left heart chambers and Hemodinamic envy response to physical exercise in young athletes. Fiziol. Cheloveka, Russia, 2002, vol. 28, no 6, pp. 104–108.
29. Konchilas J., Maas A. Luchey S. (2004) Sex modifies exercise and cardiac adaptation in mice. Am. J Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., USA, 2004, vol. 287, no 6, pp. 2768–2776.
