ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЭХОГРАФИИ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ КИШЕЧНИКА У ДЕТЕЙ

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Детская хирургия. Журнал им. Ю.Ф. Исакова. 2020; 24: 101-107

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЭХОГРАФИИ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ КИШЕЧНИКА У ДЕТЕЙ

Пыков М. И., Врублевская А. М.

https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-2-101-107

Аннотация

Болезнь Крона (БК) и язвенный колит (ЯК) - заболевания, имеющие разнообразные клинические проявления, что подчас вызывает трудности в постановке правильного диагноза у врачей клинических специальностей. Изучение отечественной и зарубежной литературы свидетельствует об актуальности совершенствования методов диагностики воспалительных заболеваний кишечника (ВЗК). Современные методы исследования (компьютерная томография, магнитно-резонансная томография, различные эндоскопические и рентгенологические методы) широко распространены в клинической практике, однако имеют ряд ограничений в детском возрасте и сопряжены с определенными рисками. Существенным недостатком их является лучевая нагрузка на организм и использование общего наркоза . Целесообразен поиск метода диагностики, обладающего достаточной информативностью, характеризующися широкой доступностью, безопасностью и неинвазивностью. К такому методу относится ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ). К сожалению, в настоящее время нет четких протоколов применения УЗИ при БК и ЯК у детей. Необходимо продолжение научных исследований с целью подтверждения эффективности данного метода в диагностике патологии кишечной трубки и разработки алгоритмов практического использования данного метода визуализации, в частности при ВЗК.

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Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2020; 24: 101-107

ECHOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES IN CHILDREN

Pykov M. I., Vrublevskaya A. M.

https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-2-101-107

Abstract

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are pathologies that have various clinical manifestations, which sometimes cause problems in putting a correct diagnosis by clinicians. The review of domestic and foreign literature highlighted the relevance in improving the diagnostics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Modern diagnostic techniques (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, various endoscopic and radiological methods) are widespread in clinical practice, but they have a number of limitations in pediatric practice and are associated with certain risks. Significant drawbacks are radiation loading at the child’s organism and general anesthesia. So, a diagnostic tool which provides sufficient information, widely available, safe and non-invasive is a need . The ultrasound examination meets all the above mentioned demands. Unfortunately, currently there are no explicit protocols to be used for ultrasound examination of children with CD and UC. Researches in this direction should be continued, so as to confirm the effectiveness of this technique in diagnosing the intestinal tube pathology and to develop algorithms for practical application of this imaging technique, particular in pediatric patients with IBD.

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