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Детская хирургия. Журнал им. Ю.Ф. Исакова. 2019; 23: 321-328

МАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ В ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИИ ИСХОДА ТЯЖЕЛОЙ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗГОВОЙ ТРАВМЫ У ДЕТЕЙ

Ахадов Т. А., Семенова Н. А., Ахлебинина М. И., Манжурцев А. В., Божко О. В., Мельников И. А., Ублинский М. В.

https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2019-23-6-321-328

Аннотация

Ведение пациентов с тяжёлой черепно-мозговой травмой, особенно тех, которые остаются в коме и вегетативном состоянии, требует огромных расходов. Основной проблемой адаптации медицинской помощи к неврологическому исходу является выбор методов диагностики в качестве инструментов прогнозирования, надёжно предсказывающих долгосрочные неврологические и психологические исходы. Расширение диапазона методов магнитного резонанса, включая изображения, взвешенные по магнитной восприимчивости (SWI), диффузионно-взвешенных идиффузионно-тензорных изображений (ДВИ/ДТИ), магнитно-резонансной спектроскопии (МРС) и функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии, позволяет детальнее выявлять не только анатомические, но и функциональные повреждения головного мозга. В предлагаемом обзоре представлена новейшая информация о визуальной и количественной оценке нарушений при ЧМТ, показано их новое понимание и клиническое значение, установлены биомаркеры повреждений, на основании которых можно будет прогнозировать исходы ЧМТ. Объединение нескольких модальностей не только обеспечивает лучшее понимание основных физиологических изменений при ЧМТ, но и улучшает диагностическую точность в прогнозировании исходов. Наш обзор представляет собой обобщение данных некоторых важных исследований, опубликованных в последние годы.
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Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2019; 23: 321-328

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN PREDICTING OUTCOMES OF SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN CHILDREN

Ahadov T. A., Semenova N. A., Akhlebina M. I., Manzhurtsev A. V., Bozhko O. V., Melnikov I. A., Ublinskiy M. V.

https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2019-23-6-321-328

Abstract

Treatment of patients with severe traumatic brain injury is very expensive. The main problem of medical care with its adaptation to neurological outcomes is the choice of diagnostic techniques as predictive tools that reliably predict long-term neurological and psychological outcomes. The extended range of magnetic resonance techniques, including SWI, diffusion-weighted and diffusion-tensor images (DWI / DTI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging allows to identify not only anatomical, but also functional brain damage. In the review, the authors discuss the latest information on visual and quantitative assessment of abnormalities in patient with TBI; new understanding and clinical significance of various MRI methods are shown as well. The authors define new biomarkers and their potential for predicting TBI outcomes. Several combined modalities not only provide better understanding of major physiological changes in patients with TBI, but they also improve diagnostic accuracy in outcome predicting. The present review is a summary of some important researches published recently.
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