Ориенталистика. 2021; 4: 459-488
Предания о мученичестве и воскресении Даниила и трех отроков
https://doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2021-4-2-459-488Аннотация
Статья посвящена исследованию христианской легенды о мученичестве Даниила и трех отроков, пострадавших в гонениях некоего нечестивого персидского царя. Эта история сохранилась в раннесредневековых литургических, агиографических и гомилетических текстах и основана на околобиблейских преданиях, сходных с традицией так называемой переписанной Библии в ветхозаветных псевдоэпиграфах. В статье показывается, как «каноническая» история о Данииле и трех отроках нашла свое продолжение в этой легенде, в которой речь идет о мученичестве за Христа и последующем воскресении этих праведников вместе с Ним. Обсуждаются также истоки, основные рукописи, содержание и структура этой легенды. Показывается, как в этом предании совмещаются рассказ о мученичестве, сходный с описаниями в Дан 3 и 6, а также с 2 Макк 7, и история о библейских героях. Кроме того, демонстрируется, как в этой легенде функционирует предание о воскресении праведников, которое основано на весьма своеобразной интерпретации новозаветных отрывков Мф 27:52-53 и 1 Кор 15:6.
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Orientalistica. 2021; 4: 459-488
Traditions about the Martyrdom and Resurrection of Daniel and the Three Youths
https://doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2021-4-2-459-488Abstract
The article deals with the Christian legend about the persecution and martyrdom of Daniel and his three companions at the hands of a wicked Persian king. This story is found in mediaeval Eastern Orthodox liturgical, hagiographical, and homiletical texts and is based on extracanonical traditions similar to those of the “rewritten Bible” in the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. The article demonstrates how the “canonical” story about Daniel and the Three Youths developed into this legend, which narrates their martyrdom for Christ and their subsequent resurrection together with him. The origins and textual history of this legend are discussed, as well as its content and structure. It is demonstrated that this legend combines a martyrological account, which is similar to the narrative of Dan 3, 6; 2 Macc 7, with a reinterpretation of stories about biblical heroes. In addition, it is shown how the tradition about the resurrection of the righteous, which is based on an eccentric exegesis of the New Testament passages of Math. 27:52-53 and 1 Cor 15:6, functions in this legend. The liturgical, homiletic and hagiographical traditions regarding the martyrdom and the resurrection of Daniel and the Three Youths.
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