Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии. 2022; 99: 436-444
Оценка наличия генов, связанных с вирулентностью, у изолятов Klebsiella pneumoniae, выделенных из микробиоты больных и «практически» здоровых людей, с применением метода мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции
https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-237Аннотация
Введение. Klebsiella pneumoniae в микробиоте человека может быть представлена как комменсальными, так и высокопатогенными штаммами, например, с гипермукоидным фенотипом. Данный фенотип характеризуется определёнными генетическими детерминантами, позволяющими выявить патогенный потенциал изолятов молекулярно-генетическим методом ПЦР.
Цели и задачи: сравнить патогенный потенциал изолятов K. pneumoniae, полученных от «практически» здоровых лиц, пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК), и штаммов, выделенных из биологического материала с внекишечными инфекциями (ВКИ), посредством детекции генов, связанных с вирулентностью.
Материалы и методы. Исследование проводили с применением набора олигонуклеотидов для мультиплексного анализа — 8 генов, предположительно ассоциированных с вирулентностью, с функцией захвата железа (ybtS, kfu, iutA), адгезии и инвазии (mrkD), гипермукоидного фенотипа и вирулентных штаммов (mrkD, magA, rmpA, k2) и метаболизма аллантоина — продукта расщепления пуринов и мочевой кислоты (allS). Анализу подвергли 69 изолятов, выделенных из микробиоты кишечника пациентов с ВЗК, 68 изолятов из кишечной микробиоты «практически» здоровых людей и 25 мультирезистентных изолятов, выделенных из крови, мочи, операционных ран, бронхоальвеолярного лаважа пациентов с ВКИ.
Результаты. Установлено, что 4 из 8 исследованных генов были ассоциированы с различными болезненными состояниями, диагностируемыми у пациентов. Ген сидерофора ybtS достоверно чаще встречался у изолятов, выделенных как у больных с ВЗК (р = 0,024), так и с мультирезистентными ВКИ (p < 0,001). У изолятов ВЗК также достоверно чаще представлен ген гипермукоидного фенотипа rmpA (р = 0,038). У мультирезистентных внекишечных изолятов наиболее достоверно представлены адгезин mrkD (р ≤ 0,001) и allS (р = 0,032).
Заключение. Изоляты K. pneumoniae от пациентов с ВКИ имели наибольший патогенный потенциал, а изоляты из кала «практически» здоровых лиц — наименьший. Наиболее часто встречающиеся гены вирулентности связаны с адгезией и гипермукоидным фенотипом.
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Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2022; 99: 436-444
Multiplex PCR screening for virulence genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from microbiota of diseased and healthy people
https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-237Abstract
Introduction. Klebsiella pneumoniae in human microbiota may appear as a part of commensal microbiota, and as hypervirulent pathogen, for example, hypermucoid pathotype. This pathotype is characterized by certain genetic determinants, leading to the possibility of detecting the pathogenic potential of isolates by PCR.
Aim of the study: to evaluate and compare pathogenic potential of K. pneumoniae isolates from practically healthy people, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and extraintestinal infections (ExII).
Materials and methods. Testing was performed with the set of nucleotides for multiplex PCR analysis targeting eight potentially virulent genes with the following functions: ferrum uptake (ybsT, kfu, iutA), adhesion and invasion (mrkD), hypermucoid phenotype and virulent serotypes (mrkD, magA, rmpA, k2) and metabolism of allantoin (allS). PCR assay was used to screen Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from feces of patients with IBD (69 isolates) and of practically healthy people (68 isolates), and multiresistant isolates from biological material (blood, urine, surgical wounds, bronchoalveolar lavage) of patients with extraintestinal infections (mrExII, 25 isolates).
Results. Results of the testing demonstrated association of four of targeted determinants with the patients diagnoses. YbtS gene was significantly more often found in isolates from IBD (р = 0.024) and mrExII (p < 0.001) groups. RmpA gene was significantly more often detected in IBD group (р = 0.038). Extraintestinal infectious isolates were significantly (р ≤ 0.001) enriched with mrkD and allS genes (р = 0.032).
Conclusion. The most potentially virulent group was isolated from patients with extraintestinal infections, the least virulent — isolates from feces of practically healthy people. The most frequently detected virulence genes were involved in adhesion and hypermucoid phenotype formation.
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