Морской гидрофизический журнал. 2023; 39: 249-265
Исследование суточной динамики вертикального распределения метана в аэробной зоне Черного моря в комплексе с акустическими исследованиями звукорассеивающих слоев
https://doi.org/10.29039/0233-7584-2023-2-249-265Аннотация
Цель. Оценка суточной динамики вертикального распределения CH4 в кислородной зоне Черного моря на различных по глубине станциях в комплексе с акустическими исследованиями звукорассеивающих слоев (ЗРС) – цель данной работы.
Методы и результаты. Исследования проводили в 113-м рейсе НИС «Профессор Водяницкий» (июнь 2020 г.) в верхнем 100-метровом слое на глубоководной станции (1570 м) в северо-восточной части Черного моря и на мелководной станции (39 м) в Ялтинском заливе. Обнаружены отличия в вертикальном распределении концентрации СН4 в воде этих районов. Суточный диапазон концентраций СН4 в поверхностном слое воды (0–1 м) составил 0,8–16 нмоль/л и 0,2–7 нмоль/л в мелководном и глубоководном районе соответственно. Показана высокая изменчивость потоков на границе вода – атмосфера в течение суток: от стока СН4 из атмосферы в воду до эмиссии, достигающей 3 мкмоль/м2·сут СН4, в атмосферу.
Выводы. Максимальные потоки СН4 в атмосферу на обеих станциях наблюдали в ночные часы. Показано, что атмосферная эмиссия СН4 не является значимым фактором в его перераспределении в воде, так как рассчитанные величины суточного удельного потока СН4 на границе атмосфера – вода составляют доли процента от его запасов в столбе воды. Установлен сходный характер суточной динамики вертикального распределения СН4 и ЗРС в аэробном слое глубоководной станции. На фоне общей высокой вариабельности данных для отдельных временны́х диапазонов получены значимые коэффициенты детерминации между концентрацией СН4 и коэффициентом звукорассеяния слоя ml' как характеристикой количества биомассы.
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Morskoy Gidrofizicheskiy Zhurnal. 2023; 39: 249-265
Studying Diurnal Dynamics of Vertical Methane Distribution in the Black Sea Aerobic Zone Combined with Acoustic Research of the Sound-Scattering Layers
https://doi.org/10.29039/0233-7584-2023-2-249-265Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess the diurnal dynamics of CH4 vertical distribution in the aerobic zone of the Black Sea at the stations of different depths joint with surveying the sound scattering layers (SSL).
Methods and Results. The surveys were performed in the 113th cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky” (June, 2020) in the upper 100-m layer at the deep-water station (1570 m) in the northeastern Black Sea, and at the shallow-water station (39 m) in the Yalta Bay. The differences in vertical distribution of the CH4 concentration in the seawater in these areas were found. Diurnal range of the CH4 concentrations in the surface water layer (0–1 m) was 0.8–16 nmol/l and 0.2–7 nmol/l for the shallow and deep-water areas, respectively. Shown was the fluxes’ high variability at the water – atmosphere boundary in course of a day, namely, from the atmospheric CH4 inflow to the seawater up to the CH4 emission (up to 3 μmol/m2day) to the atmosphere.
Conclusions. The maximum CH4 fluxes to the atmosphere recorded at both stations were observed at night. It was shown that the atmospheric CH4 emission to seawater was not a significant factor in the CH4 redistribution in a water column since the calculated values of the atmosphere – seawater specific daily CH4 flux constituted the fractions of a percent of its store in the water column. Diurnal dynamics of the vertical CH4 distribution and SSL in the aerobic layer of the deep-water station was revealed to be of a similar pattern. Against high variability of the data for the individual time ranges, obtained were significant determination coefficients between the CH4 concentration and the soundscattering coefficient of ml' layer as a characteristic of the biomass amount.
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