Морской гидрофизический журнал. 2021; 37: 73-84
Зависимость квантового выхода фотосинтеза от поглощения света фитопланктоном: получение количественных связей для оценки первичной продукции в Черном море
https://doi.org/10.22449/0233-7584-2021-1-73-84Аннотация
Цель. На основе результатов экспедиционных исследований, включающих основные гидрофизические характеристики вод, концентрацию хлорофилла а, световые кривые зависимости скорости фотосинтеза, спектральные показатели поглощения света пигментами фитопланктона и спектральную квантовую облученность в водной толще, было проведено исследование зависимости квантового выхода от условий в среде с целью адаптации подхода к оценке квантового выхода фотосинтеза, разработанного для Балтийского моря, к условиям Черного моря.
Методы и результаты. Комплексные гидрофизические и биологические исследования проводились на нескольких глубинах зоны фотосинтеза. Спектральные биооптические показатели измеряли в соответствии с современным протоколом NASA (2018). Эксперименты по исследованию световой зависимости скорости фотосинтеза выполняли в температурных и световых условиях, максимально приближенных к условиям in situ. Квантовый выход фотосинтеза рассчитывали на основе измеренных параметров фотосинтеза (эффективности фотосинтеза, параметра светового насыщения фотосинтеза) и спектральных показателей поглощения света пигментами фитопланктона. Было показано изменение с глубиной в зоне фотосинтеза основных фотосинтетических характеристик фитопланктона, в том числе максимального квантового выхода фотосинтеза, доли фотопротекторных вспомогательных пигментов в общем поглощении света фитопланктоном, что связано с фотоадаптацией фитопланктона к условиям в среде в период сезонной стратификации вод. Установлена зависимость между квантовым выходом фотосинтеза и количеством квантов солнечной энергии, поглощенных фотосинтетически активными пигментами фитопланктона. В результате проведенных исследований уравнение расчета квантового выхода, разработанное для других акваторий, было модифицировано к условиям Черного моря.
Выводы. Впервые проведенные в Черном море комплексные исследования, включающие измерения световых зависимостей фотосинтеза, спектральных показателей поглощения света пигментами фитопланктона и спектральной квантовой облученности на разных глубинах зоны фотосинтеза позволили получить уравнение для расчета квантового выхода фотосинтеза, которое будет использовано для проведения расчетов первичной продукции Черного моря с использованием спектрального подхода как на основе результатов натурных наблюдений, так и с использованием данных дистанционного зондирования.
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Morskoy Gidrofizicheskiy Zhurnal. 2021; 37: 73-84
Dependence of the Photosynthesis Quantum Yield on Phytoplankton Light Absorption: Equations for Assessing Primary Production in the Black Sea
https://doi.org/10.22449/0233-7584-2021-1-73-84Abstract
Purpose. Based on the results of the investigations that were performed during the scientific cruise and included the water hydrophysical characteristics, the chlorophyll a concentration, the photosynthesis-light dependences, the spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton, and the spectral quantum downwelling irradiance, the dependence of the photosynthesis quantum yield upon the environmental factors was studied with the purpose of adaptation of the developed for the Baltic Sea approach for assessing the photosynthesis quantum yield, to the Black Sea.
Methods and Results. Complex hydrophysical and biological studies were carried out at several depths within the photosynthesis zone. Spectral bio-optical parameters were measured in accordance with the modern NASA protocol (2018). The experiments on studying the photosynthesis-light relationship were performed under the temperature and light conditions close to the in situ ones. The quantum yield of photosynthesis was calculated based on the parameters of photosynthesis-light dependences (photosynthesis efficiency, light saturation parameter) and the spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton pigments. It was found out that the main photosynthetic characteristics of phytoplankton including the photosynthesis maximum quantum yield and the portion of photoprotective accessory pigments in the total light absorption by phytoplankton varied with depth within the euphotic zone due to phytoplankton adaptation to the environment factors during the period of water seasonal stratification. The relationship between the photosynthesis quantum yield and the number of solar energy quanta absorbed by the photosynthetically active phytoplankton pigments was revealed. The results of the performed research allowed for modifying the equation for calculating the quantum yield for the Black Sea environment conditions according to the approach developed for the other water areas.
Conclusions. For the first time, comprehensive studies carried out in the Black Sea and including the measurements of the photosynthesis-light dependences, the spectral light absorption coefficients by phytoplankton and spectral downwelling irradiance at particular optical depths within the euphotic zone enabled to reveal the equation for calculating the photosynthesis quantum yield, which could be applied for calculating primary production of the Black Sea using the spectral approach based both on the results of in situ measurements and the remote sensing data.
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