XXI век. Техносферная безопасность. 2020; 5: 356-363
Проблема использования и утилизации одноразовой пластиковой упаковки в торговых сетях и в заведениях общественного питания
https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2020-4-356-363Аннотация
Актуальность проблемы повышенного использования одноразовой пластиковой потребительской упаковки, особенно в санитарно-эпидемиологических условиях COVID-19, ставит перед необходимостью утилизации образовавшихся отходов. Проблема усугубляется очень слабой переработкой этих отходов, которые в основном складируются и практически не разрушаются в природе. В связи с этим цель работы – анализ проблем, обусловленных потреблением и утилизацией полимерной пластиковой одноразовой упаковки в торговых сетях и в заведениях общественного питания. Дан краткий сравнительный анализ состава и количеств образующихся пластиковых отходов. Рассмотрена нормативно-правовая документация, регламентирующая обращения с отходами в России и за рубежом. Проведена оценка состояния и рынка вторичной переработки отходов в сравнении с мировыми достижениями. Более детально приводятся данные по отходам полимерных материалов: их составу, количеству, доли в общей массе отходов, стоимости, возможности использования как вторичного сырья. Указывается на проблему отсутствия эффективной системы сбора полимерных отходов и их утилизации в России в отличие от стран азиатского региона, ЕС и стран Америки. В этих странах разрабатываются нормативные документы по сбору и переработки пластиковых изделий, само производство имеет экономическую привлекательность. Даны рекомендации к мотивации производителей, варианты решения проблемы утилизации пластиковых отходов на законодательной, экономической и управленческой основе.
Список литературы
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2. Amarnath M., Nagarajan P. Consumer attitude towards Eco-friendly products // Restaurant Business. 2019. Vol. 118. № 6. P. 163–170. https://doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i6.8007
3. Ferronato, N., Torretta, V. Waste mismanagement in developing countries: A review of global issues// International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019. Vol. 16. № 6. P. 1060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061060
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5. Malinauskaite J., Jouhara H., Czajczyńska D., Stanchev P., Katsou E., Rostkowski P. et al. Municipal solid waste management and waste-to-energy in the context of a circular economy and energy recycling in Europe // Energy. 2017. Vol. 141, P. 2013–2044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.128
6. Nizami A.S., Rehan M., Waqas M., Naqvi M., Ouda O.K.M., Shahzad K. et al. Waste biorefineries: Enabling circular economies in developing countries // Bioresource Technology. 2017. Vol. 241. P. 1101–1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.097
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XXI Century. Technosphere Safety. 2020; 5: 356-363
Use and disposal of disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and catering companies
https://doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2020-4-356-363Abstract
The increased use of disposable plastic consumer packaging, especially in the sanitary and epidemiological conditions of COVID-19, makes it necessary to dispose of the resulting waste. The problem is aggravated by the weak processing of waste, which is stored and not destroyed in nature. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to analyze the problems caused by the consumption and disposal of plastic disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and public catering companies. A brief comparative analysis of the composition and quantities of the plastic waste was carried out. The legal documents governing the waste management in Russia and abroad were studied. The Russian waste recycling market was compared with the foreign ones. Data on polymeric waste (composition, quantity, share in the total mass of waste, cost, and possibility of using as a secondary raw material) were studied. The lack of an effective system for collecting polymer waste and its utilization in Russia was emphasized and compared with Asian, European and American countries. In these countries, there are regulatory documents governing the collection and recycling of plastic products; the production itself is economically attractive. Recommendations aimed to encourage manufacturers to recycle waste were given; options for solving the problem of recycling plastic waste on a legislative, economic and managerial basis were offered.
References
1. Saluja D. Customer's Attitude towards Eco-Friendly Product // ANVESHAK-International Journal of Management. 2016. Vol. 5. № 2. P. 107–116. https://doi.org/10.15410/aijm/2016/v5i2/100701
2. Amarnath M., Nagarajan P. Consumer attitude towards Eco-friendly products // Restaurant Business. 2019. Vol. 118. № 6. P. 163–170. https://doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i6.8007
3. Ferronato, N., Torretta, V. Waste mismanagement in developing countries: A review of global issues// International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019. Vol. 16. № 6. P. 1060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061060
4. Schreck M., Wagner J. Incentivizing secondary raw material markets for sustainable waste management // Waste Management. 2017. Vol. 67. P. 354–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.036
5. Malinauskaite J., Jouhara H., Czajczyńska D., Stanchev P., Katsou E., Rostkowski P. et al. Municipal solid waste management and waste-to-energy in the context of a circular economy and energy recycling in Europe // Energy. 2017. Vol. 141, P. 2013–2044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.128
6. Nizami A.S., Rehan M., Waqas M., Naqvi M., Ouda O.K.M., Shahzad K. et al. Waste biorefineries: Enabling circular economies in developing countries // Bioresource Technology. 2017. Vol. 241. P. 1101–1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.097
7. Trivedi R.H., Patel J.D., Acharya N. Causality analysis of media influence on environmental attitude, intention and behaviors leading to green purchasing//Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018. Vol. 196. P. 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.024
8. Kautish P., Paul J., Sharma R. The moderating influence of environmental consciousness and recycling intentions on green purchase behavior // Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019. Vol. 228. P. 1425–1436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.389
9. Prakash G., Pathak P. Intention to buy eco-friendly packaged products among young consumers of India: A study on developing nation // Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017. Vol. 141. P. 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.116
10. Kumar B., Manrai A.K., Manrai L.A. Purchasing behaviour for environmentally sustainable products: A conceptual framework and empirical study // Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 2017. Vol. 34. P. 1– 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.09.004
