Инфекция и иммунитет. 2020; 10: 707-716
Определение молекулярно-генетических маркеров тяжелой формы течения ВЭБ-мононуклеоза
https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-DMA-1271Аннотация
Вирус Эпштейна—Барр (ВЭБ) является одним из этиологических агентов инфекционного мононук-леоза. Тяжелая форма течения заболевания может приводить к развитию серьезных осложнений, риск возникновения которых зависит в том числе от состояния иммунной системы пациента. На сегодняшний день отсутствуют специфические тесты, позволяющие определять риск развития тяжелой формы болезни. Целью работы стало выявление молекулярно-генетических маркеров тяжелой формы течения ВЭБ-инфекционного мононуклеоза (ВЭБ-ИМ) в иммунокомпетентных клетках периферической крови. В лейкоцитах периферической крови пациентов с ВЭБ-ИМ тяжелой и средней степени тяжести, а также практически здоровых доноров определяли экспрессию 483 генов и транскриптов генов, регулирующих апоптоз, пролиферацию и дифференцировку иммунокомпетентных клеток. Использовали ДНК-биочипы оригинального дизайна. Обработку результатов осуществляли с применением разработанной нами программы «MiDA». Для выявления маркеров тяжелой формы течения патологии проводили сравнение экспрессии каждого гена и транскрипта у пациентов с ВЭБ-ИМ и практически здоровых доноров. Для каждого гена и транскрипта определяли уровень изменения экспрессии и значимость для бинарной классификации. В качестве маркеров тяжелой формы ВЭБ-ИМ отбирали гены и транскрипты, характеризовавшиеся максимальными значениями двух определяемых параметров при сравнении пациентов с тяжелой формой инфекции и здоровых доноров, а также пациентов с тяжелой и средней степенью тяжести ВЭБ-ИМ. Гены и транскрипты, экспрессия которых различалась у пациентов с ВЭБ-ИМ средней степени тяжести и здоровых доноров, из перечня маркеров исключались. Также были исключены маркеры, дифференциально экспрессирующиеся в зависимости от пола и возраста обследуемых. В перечень маркеров тяжелой формы течения ВЭБ-ИМ вошли регуляторы апоптоза (гены BCL2L11, BIRC3 и транскрипт XIAP.NM_001167), а также факторы сплайсинга (ген CELF6 и транскрипт SF1.NM_201995). По сравнению с донорами и пациентами со средней степенью тяжести заболевания, у пациентов с тяжелой формой течения ВЭБ-ИМ в крови выявлено снижение экспрессии генов BCL2L11, BIRC3, транскриптов SF1.NM_201995 и XIAP.NM_001167, а также усиление экспрессии гена CELF6. Функциональная роль установленных молекулярных маркеров позволяет предположить, что тяжелая форма ВЭБ-ИМ характеризуется подавлением митохондриального и активацией TRAF-зависимого путей апоптоза в иммунокомпетентных клетках пациентов. Характер экспрессии выделенных маркеров является специфическим для тяжелой формы течения ВЭБ-ИМ, не зависит от пола и возраста пациентов. Результаты работы могут быть использованы при разработке специфических средств оценки риска развития осложнений ВЭБ-мононуклеоза.
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Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2020; 10: 707-716
Determining molecular and genetic markers for severe EBV-mononucleosis
https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-DMA-1271Abstract
Epstein—Barr virus (EBV) is one of the etiological agents causing infectious mononucleosis. A severe form of the disease can result in developing serious complications, which risk might also depend on the state of patient’s immune system. To date, no specific tests for assessing a risk of developing severe disease form are available. Our study was aimed at identifying molecular genetic markers of severe EBV-infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) in immunocompetent peripheral blood cells. Expression of 483 genes and gene transcripts regulating apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells was measured in the peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with severe and moderate EBV-IM as well as apparently healthy donors. A DNA-microarray designed by us and subsequent data processing were carried out by using custom-made “MiDA” software. To identify markers of a severe form of the pathology, expression of each gene and transcript was compared in EBV-IM patients and apparently healthy donors. For each gene and transcript, the level of expression fold change and significance for binary classification were determined. Genes and transcripts, characterized by the maximum values of two determined parameters while comparing patients with severe infection and healthy donors, as well as patients with severe and moderate EBV-IM forms, were selected as markers of severe EBV-IM. Genes and transcripts with differed expression in patients with moderate EBV-IM and healthy donors, were excluded from the list of markers. In addition, sex- and age-linked markers with differed expression were excluded as well. The markers for severe EBV-IM consisted of apoptosis regulators (BCL2L11, BIRC3 genes and XIAP.NM_001167 transcript) and splicing factors (CELF6 gene and SF1.NM_201995 transcript). Compared with donors and patients with a moderate form of the disease, a decreased expression of BCL2L11, BIRC3 genes, transcripts SF1.NM_201995 and XIAP.NM_001167, as well as increased expression of the CELF6 gene were detected in the blood of patients with severe EBV-IM. The functional role of identified molecular markers suggests that severe EBV-IM is characterized by suppressed mitochondrial and activated TRAF-dependent apoptosis pathways in immunocompetent cells. The expression pattern for select markers is specific for severe EBV-MI, not associated with patient sex and age. Thus, study data may be used to develop specific tools for assessing a risk of developing complications of EBV mononucleosis.
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15. Price A.M., Dai J., Bazot Q., Patel L., Nikitin P.A., Djavadian R., Winter P.S., Salinas C.A., Barry A.P., Wood K.C., Johann-sen E.C., Letai A., Allday M.J., Luftig M.A. Epstein-Barr virus ensures B cell survival by uniquely modulating apoptosis at early and late times after infection. eLife, 2017, vol. 6: e22509. doi: 10.7554/eLife.22509
16. Price A.M., Luftig M.A. Dynamic Epstein-Barr virus gene expression on the path to B-cell transformation. Adv. Virus Res., 2014, vol. 88,pp. 279-313. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-800098-4.00006-4
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20. Wood C.D., Veenstra H., Khasnis S., Gunnel A., Webb H.M., Shannon-Lowe C., Andrews S., Osborne C.S., West M.J. MYC activation and BCL2L11 silencing by a tumour virus through the large-scale reconfiguration of enhancer-promoter hubs. eLife, 2016, vol. 5: e18270. doi: 10.7554/eLife.18270
21. Worth A.J.J., Houldcroft C.J., Booth C. Severe Epstein-Barr virus infection in primary immunodeficiency and the normal host. Br. J. Haematol., 2016, vol. 175, no. 4, pp. 559-576. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14339
