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Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2015; 14: 16-25

Сравнительный анализ эффективности дексаметазона и метилпреднизолона в индукции ремиссии острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей: результаты мультицентрового исследования ALL-MB 2002

Юдина Наталья Борисовна, Карачунский Александр Исаакович, Румянцева Юлия Васильевна, Лагойко Светлана Николаевна, Tallen G. ., Алейникова Ольга Витальевна, Быданов Олег Иванович, Корепанова Наталья Владимировна, Мансурова Екатерина Геннадьевна, Байдун Людмила Васильевна, Наседкина Татьяна Васильевна, Von Stackelberg A. ., Новичкова Галина Анатольевна, Масчан Алексей Александрович, Литвинов Дмитрий Витальевич, Мякова Наталья Валерьевна, Пономарева Наталья Игоревна, Кондратчик Константин Леонидович, Фечина Лариса Геннадьевна, Стренева Ольга Владимировна, Шарапова Гюзель Рафаиловна, Шамардина Анастасия Вячеславовна, Гербек Инна Эмильевна, Шапочник Александр Петрович, Румянцев Александр Григорьевич, Henze G. .

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2015-14-1-16-25

Аннотация

В статье представлены результаты рандомизированного исследования эффективности использования двух глюкокортикостероидов (ГКС) в индукционной терапии детей и подростков с острым лимфобластным лейкозом (ОЛЛ). В анализ были включены 1064 первичных пациента с ОЛЛ в возрасте от 1 года до 18 лет, зарегистрированных в период с 18.04.2002 по 15.11.2006 в клиниках России и Республики Беларусь. Перед началом индукционной терапии проводили рандомизацию, согласно которой пациенты получали «рукав» протокола ALL-MB 2002 с дексаметазоном (Dexa) в дозе 6 мг/м2 (n = 539) или «рукав» протокола с метилпреднизолоном (MePred) в дозе 60 мг/м2 (n = 525). Не обнаружено статистически значимых различий в показателях выживаемости (10-летняя бессобытийная выживаемость при использовании Dexa составила 73 ± 2%, при использовании MePred - 70 ± 2%; р = 0,260, 10-летняя общая выживаемость - 79 ± 2 и 77 ± 2% соответственно; р = 0,232) и частоте рецидивов при использовании различных ГКС в индукции ремиссии у детей с ОЛЛ. Частота изолированных нейрорецидивов (1,7% у пациентов, получавших Dexa, и 3% у пациентов, получавших MePred; р = 0,138) и комбинированных рецидивов с поражением центральной нервной системы (3,2% у пациентов, получавших Dexa, и 3,4% у пациентов, получавших MePred; р = 0,937) в обеих группах различались незначительно. Индукционная летальность была сравнима в двух группах (3,2% у пациентов, получавших Dexa, и 3,8% у пациентов, получавших MePred; р = 0,677). Ретроспективное сравнение в различных возрастных группах выявило преимущественную эффективность Dexa у детей младше 14 лет, что нуждается в дальнейшем изучении в проспективных рандомизированных многоцентровых исследованиях.
Список литературы

1. Karachunskiy A., Herold R., von Stackelberg A., Miakova N., Timakow A., Mahortih T. et al. Results of the first randomized multicentre trial on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Russia. Leukemia. 2008; 22(6): 1144-53.

2. Jones B., Freeman A.I., Shuster J.J., Jacquillat C., Weil M., Pochedly C. et al. Lower incidence of meningeal leukemia when prednisone is replaced by dexamethasone in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1991; 19(4): 269-75.

3. Balis F.M., Lester C.M., Chrousos G.P., Heideman R.L., Poplack D.G. Differences in cerebrospinal fluid penetration of corticosteroids: possible relationship to the prevention of meningeal leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 1987; 5(2): 202-7.

4. Bostrom B.C., Sensel M.R., Sather H.N., Gaynon P.S., La M.K., Johnston K. et al. Dexamethasone versus prednisone and daily oral versus weekly intravenous mercaptopurine for patients with standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. Blood. 2003; 101(10): 3809-17.

5. Stary J., Zimmermann M., Campbell M., Castillo L., Dibar E., Donska S. et al. Intensive chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of the randomized intercontinental trial ALL IC-BFM 2002. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32(3): 174-84.

6. Teuffel O., Kuster S.P., Hunger S.P., Conter V., Hitzler J., Ethier M.C. et al. Dexamethasone versus prednisone for induction therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Leukemia. 2011; 25(8): 1232-8.

7. Inaba H., Pui C.H. Glucocorticoid use in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet Oncol. 2010; 11(11): 1096-106.

8. Igarashi S., Manabe A., Ohara A., Kumagai M., Saito T., Okimoto Y. et al. No advantage of dexamethasone over prednisolone for the outcome of standard- and intermediate-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group L95-14 protocol. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23(27): 6489-98.

9. McNeer J.L., Nachman J.B. The optimal use of steroids in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: no easy answers. Br J Haematol. 2010; 149(5): 638-52.

10. Ito C., Evans W.E., McNinch L., Coustan-Smith E., Mahmoud H., Pui C.H. et al. Comparative cytotoxicity of dexamethasone and prednisolone in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 1996; 14(8): 2370-6.

11. Kaspers G.J., Veerman A.J., Popp-Snijders C., Lomecky M., Van Zantwijk C.H., Swinkels L.M. et al. Comparison of the antileukemic activity in vitro of dexamethasone and prednisolone in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1996; 27(2): 114-21.

12. Ryalls M.R., Pinkerton C.R., Meller S.T., Talbot D., McElwain T.J. High-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate as a single agent in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1992; 20(2): 119-23.

13. Yetgin S., Gürgey A., Tuncer A.M., Cetin M., Ozbek N., Sayli T. et al. A comparison of the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone with conventional-dose prednisolone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with randomization. Leuk Res. 1998; 22(6): 485-93.

14. Bene M.C., Castoldi G., Knapp W., Ludwig W.D., Matutes E., Orfao A. et al. Proposals for the immunological classification of acute leukemias. European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemias (EGIL). Leukemia. 1995; 9(10): 1783-6.

15. Румянцева Ю.В., Карачунский А.И., Алейникова О.В., Фечина Л.Г., Шамардина А.В., Литвинов Д.В. и др. Эффективность протокола ALL-МВ-2002 у детей с острым лимфобластным лейкозом. Терапевтический архив. 2010; 82(7): 11-19.

16. Machin D., Gardner M.J. Calculating confidence intervals for survival time analyses. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1988; 296(6633): 1369-71.

17. Piaggio G., Elbourne D.R., Pocock S.J., Evans S.J., Altman D.G.; CONSORT Group. Reporting of noninferiority and equivalence randomized trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement. JAMA. 2012; 308(24): 2594-604.

18. Foody G.M. Classification accuracy comparison: hypothesis tests and the use of confidence intervals in evaluations of difference, equivalence and non-inferiority. Remote Sens Environ. 2009; 113(8): 1658-63.

19. Song J.X. Sample size for simultaneous testing of rate differences in non-inferiority trials with multiple endpoints. Comput Stat Data Anal. 2009; 53(4): 1201-7.

20. Labar B., Suciu S., Willemze R., Muus P., Marie J.P., Fillet G. et al. Dexamethasone compared to prednisolone for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma: final results of the ALL-4 randomized, phase III trial of the EORTC Leukemia Group. Haematologica. 2010; 95(9): 1489-95.

21. Toft N., Birgens H., Abrahamsson J., Bernell P., Griškevičius L, Hallböök H, et al. Risk group assignment differs for children and adults 1-45 yr with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated by the NOPHO ALL-2008 protocol. Eur J Haematol. 2013; 90(5): 404-12.

22. Bertrand Y., Suciu S., Benoit Y., Robert A., Nelken B., Uyttebroeck A. et al. Dexamethasone (DEX) (6mg/sm/d) and prednisolone (PRED) (60mg/sm/d) in induction therapy of childhood ALL are equally effective: results of the 2nd interim analysis of EORTC trial 58951. Blood (50th ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 6-9 December, San Francisco). 2008; 112(11): A-8.

23. Mattano L.A. Jr., Sather H.N., Trigg M.E., Nachman J.B. Osteonecrosis as a complication of treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol. 2000; 18(18): 3262-72.

24. Schrappe M., Zimmermann M., Moricke A., Mann G., Valsecchi M.G., Bartram C.R. et al. Dexamethasone in induction can eliminate one third of all relapses in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): results of an international randomized trial in 3655 patients (trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000). Blood (50th ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 6-9 December, San Francisco). 2008; 112(11): A-7.

25. Schwartz C.L., Thompson E.B., Gelber R.D., Young M.L., Chilton D., Cohen H.J. et al. Improved response with higher corticosteroid dose in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19(4): 1040-6.

26. Hurwitz C.A., Silverman L.B., Schorin M.A., Clavell L.A., Dalton V.K., Glick K.M. et al. Substituting dexamethasone for prednisone complicates remission induction in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 2000; 88(8): 1964-9.

27. Diederich S., Eigendorff E., Burkhardt P., Quinkler M., Bumke-Vogt C., Rochel M. et al. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2: an important pharmacokinetic determinant for the activity of synthetic mineralo- and glucocorticoids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87(12): 5695-701.

28. Sai S., Nakagawa Y., Sakaguchi K., Okada S., Takahashi H., Hongo T. et al. Differential regulation of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 by dexamethasone in glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant childhood lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res. 2009; 33(12): 1696-8.

29. Tao Y., Shi J.M., Zhang Y.X., Gao L., Zhan F.H. Expression of 11 ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in lymphoblastic cells and its relationship with glucocorticoid sensitivity. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2011; 19(1): 109-13.

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology. 2015; 14: 16-25

Comparative analysis of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone efficacy in induction therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of ALL-MB 2002 multicenter study

Yudina N. B., Karachunsky A. I., Rumyantseva Yu. V., Lagoiko S. N., Tallen Gesche , Aleinikova O. V., Bydanov O. I., Korepanova N. V., Mansurova E. G., Baidun L. V., Nasedkina T. V., Von Stackelberg A. ., Novichkova G. A., Maschan A. A., Litvinov D. V., Myakova N. V., Ponomareva N. I., Kondratchik K. L., Fechina L. G., Streneva O. V., Sharapova G. R., Shamardina A. V., Gerbek I. E., Shapochnik A. P., Rumyantsev A. G., Henze G. .

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2015-14-1-16-25

Abstract

This paper presents the results of randomized study of the efficacy of two glucocorticosteroids (GCS) in induction therapy of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A total of 1064 primary patients with ALL, aged 1-18 years, were registered from 18.04.2002 to 15.11.2006 in Russia and Belarus Republic. Randomization was carried out before induction therapy. The patients received the dexamethasone (Dexa; 6 mg/m2) “sleeve” of ALL-MB 2002 protocol (n = 539) or the methylprednisolone (MePred; 60 mg/m2) “sleeve” of the protocol (n = 525). The survival rates virtually did not differ: 10-year event-free survival (EFS) was 73 ± 2% in the Dexa group vs. 70 ± 2% in MePred group, p = 0.260; 10-year overall survival (OS) was 79 ± 2 and 77 ± 2%, respectively; p = 0.232; the incidence of relapses after ALL induction therapy by different GCS virtually did not differ. The incidence of isolated central nervous system relapses (1.7% in patients receiving Dexa and 3% in patients treated by MePred; p = 0.138) and of combined relapses with central nervous system involvement differed just negligibly (3.2% in Dexa group and 3.4% in MePred group; p = 0.937). The induction mortality was also similar (3.2% in Dexa group and 3.8% in MePred group; p = 0.677). Retrospective comparison in different age groups showed predominant efficacy of Dexa in children under 14 years of age. This fact deserves further research in prospective randomized multicenter studies.
References

1. Karachunskiy A., Herold R., von Stackelberg A., Miakova N., Timakow A., Mahortih T. et al. Results of the first randomized multicentre trial on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Russia. Leukemia. 2008; 22(6): 1144-53.

2. Jones B., Freeman A.I., Shuster J.J., Jacquillat C., Weil M., Pochedly C. et al. Lower incidence of meningeal leukemia when prednisone is replaced by dexamethasone in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1991; 19(4): 269-75.

3. Balis F.M., Lester C.M., Chrousos G.P., Heideman R.L., Poplack D.G. Differences in cerebrospinal fluid penetration of corticosteroids: possible relationship to the prevention of meningeal leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 1987; 5(2): 202-7.

4. Bostrom B.C., Sensel M.R., Sather H.N., Gaynon P.S., La M.K., Johnston K. et al. Dexamethasone versus prednisone and daily oral versus weekly intravenous mercaptopurine for patients with standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. Blood. 2003; 101(10): 3809-17.

5. Stary J., Zimmermann M., Campbell M., Castillo L., Dibar E., Donska S. et al. Intensive chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of the randomized intercontinental trial ALL IC-BFM 2002. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32(3): 174-84.

6. Teuffel O., Kuster S.P., Hunger S.P., Conter V., Hitzler J., Ethier M.C. et al. Dexamethasone versus prednisone for induction therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Leukemia. 2011; 25(8): 1232-8.

7. Inaba H., Pui C.H. Glucocorticoid use in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Lancet Oncol. 2010; 11(11): 1096-106.

8. Igarashi S., Manabe A., Ohara A., Kumagai M., Saito T., Okimoto Y. et al. No advantage of dexamethasone over prednisolone for the outcome of standard- and intermediate-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group L95-14 protocol. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23(27): 6489-98.

9. McNeer J.L., Nachman J.B. The optimal use of steroids in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: no easy answers. Br J Haematol. 2010; 149(5): 638-52.

10. Ito C., Evans W.E., McNinch L., Coustan-Smith E., Mahmoud H., Pui C.H. et al. Comparative cytotoxicity of dexamethasone and prednisolone in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 1996; 14(8): 2370-6.

11. Kaspers G.J., Veerman A.J., Popp-Snijders C., Lomecky M., Van Zantwijk C.H., Swinkels L.M. et al. Comparison of the antileukemic activity in vitro of dexamethasone and prednisolone in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1996; 27(2): 114-21.

12. Ryalls M.R., Pinkerton C.R., Meller S.T., Talbot D., McElwain T.J. High-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate as a single agent in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1992; 20(2): 119-23.

13. Yetgin S., Gürgey A., Tuncer A.M., Cetin M., Ozbek N., Sayli T. et al. A comparison of the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone with conventional-dose prednisolone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with randomization. Leuk Res. 1998; 22(6): 485-93.

14. Bene M.C., Castoldi G., Knapp W., Ludwig W.D., Matutes E., Orfao A. et al. Proposals for the immunological classification of acute leukemias. European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemias (EGIL). Leukemia. 1995; 9(10): 1783-6.

15. Rumyantseva Yu.V., Karachunskii A.I., Aleinikova O.V., Fechina L.G., Shamardina A.V., Litvinov D.V. i dr. Effektivnost' protokola ALL-MV-2002 u detei s ostrym limfoblastnym leikozom. Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2010; 82(7): 11-19.

16. Machin D., Gardner M.J. Calculating confidence intervals for survival time analyses. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1988; 296(6633): 1369-71.

17. Piaggio G., Elbourne D.R., Pocock S.J., Evans S.J., Altman D.G.; CONSORT Group. Reporting of noninferiority and equivalence randomized trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement. JAMA. 2012; 308(24): 2594-604.

18. Foody G.M. Classification accuracy comparison: hypothesis tests and the use of confidence intervals in evaluations of difference, equivalence and non-inferiority. Remote Sens Environ. 2009; 113(8): 1658-63.

19. Song J.X. Sample size for simultaneous testing of rate differences in non-inferiority trials with multiple endpoints. Comput Stat Data Anal. 2009; 53(4): 1201-7.

20. Labar B., Suciu S., Willemze R., Muus P., Marie J.P., Fillet G. et al. Dexamethasone compared to prednisolone for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma: final results of the ALL-4 randomized, phase III trial of the EORTC Leukemia Group. Haematologica. 2010; 95(9): 1489-95.

21. Toft N., Birgens H., Abrahamsson J., Bernell P., Griškevičius L, Hallböök H, et al. Risk group assignment differs for children and adults 1-45 yr with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated by the NOPHO ALL-2008 protocol. Eur J Haematol. 2013; 90(5): 404-12.

22. Bertrand Y., Suciu S., Benoit Y., Robert A., Nelken B., Uyttebroeck A. et al. Dexamethasone (DEX) (6mg/sm/d) and prednisolone (PRED) (60mg/sm/d) in induction therapy of childhood ALL are equally effective: results of the 2nd interim analysis of EORTC trial 58951. Blood (50th ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 6-9 December, San Francisco). 2008; 112(11): A-8.

23. Mattano L.A. Jr., Sather H.N., Trigg M.E., Nachman J.B. Osteonecrosis as a complication of treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol. 2000; 18(18): 3262-72.

24. Schrappe M., Zimmermann M., Moricke A., Mann G., Valsecchi M.G., Bartram C.R. et al. Dexamethasone in induction can eliminate one third of all relapses in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): results of an international randomized trial in 3655 patients (trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000). Blood (50th ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 6-9 December, San Francisco). 2008; 112(11): A-7.

25. Schwartz C.L., Thompson E.B., Gelber R.D., Young M.L., Chilton D., Cohen H.J. et al. Improved response with higher corticosteroid dose in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19(4): 1040-6.

26. Hurwitz C.A., Silverman L.B., Schorin M.A., Clavell L.A., Dalton V.K., Glick K.M. et al. Substituting dexamethasone for prednisone complicates remission induction in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 2000; 88(8): 1964-9.

27. Diederich S., Eigendorff E., Burkhardt P., Quinkler M., Bumke-Vogt C., Rochel M. et al. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2: an important pharmacokinetic determinant for the activity of synthetic mineralo- and glucocorticoids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87(12): 5695-701.

28. Sai S., Nakagawa Y., Sakaguchi K., Okada S., Takahashi H., Hongo T. et al. Differential regulation of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 by dexamethasone in glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant childhood lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res. 2009; 33(12): 1696-8.

29. Tao Y., Shi J.M., Zhang Y.X., Gao L., Zhan F.H. Expression of 11 ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in lymphoblastic cells and its relationship with glucocorticoid sensitivity. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2011; 19(1): 109-13.