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Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2017; 16: 23-27

Методика проведения Т2*-картирования печени у пациентов с вторичной перегрузкой железом

Назарова Э.Э. , Терещенко Г.В. , Абакумов М.А. , Сманцер В. А., Куприянов Д. А., Сметанина Н.С.

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2017-16-3-23-27

Аннотация

Оценка накопления железа в организме необходима для определения степени перегрузки железом паренхиматозных органов и контроля хелаторной терапии. В данной статье рассматривается методика проведения неинвазивной диагностики накопления железа в печени с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии. В исследовании принимали участие 55 пациентов в возрасте от 2 до 18 лет (медиана - 8 лет) с вторичной перегрузкой железом на фоне гематологических заболеваний. Анализ изображений проводился посредством создания релаксометрических карт для подсчета Т2*-значений интенсивности МР-сигнала определенной зоны печени. Полученные результаты МР-картирования и определения содержания железа в биоптате печени позволили получить формулу пересчета релаксационных характеристик Т2* ткани в количественное значение накопления железа в паренхиме печени. С использованием полученной зависимости МР-картирование позволяет проводить неинвазивную количественную оценку накопления железа в печени, что значительно улучшает точность определения концентрации железа в паренхиме печени и позволяет оптимизировать хелаторную терапию у пациентов с перегрузкой железа. Ключевые слова: перегрузка железом, МР-диагностика, Т2*-картирование.
Список литературы

1. Powell L.W. Hereditary hemochromatosis and iron overload diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 17: 191-5.

2. Angelucci E., Brittenham G.M., McLaren C.E., Ripalti M., Baronciani D., Giardini C., et al. Hepatic iron concentration and total body iron stores in thalassemia major. N Engl J Med 2000; 343 (5): 327-31.

3. Bacon B.R., Adams P.C., Kowdley K.V., Powell L.W., Tavill A.S. Diagnosis and management of hemochromatosis: 2011 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology 2011; 54: 328-43.

4. Villeneuve J.-P., Bilodeau M., Lepage R., Côté J., Lefebvre M. Variability in hepatic iron concentration measurement from needle-biopsy specimens. JHepatol 1996; 25: 172-7.

5. Ринкк П.А. Магнитный резонанс в медицине. - М.: ГЭОТАР-МЕД, 2003, с. 256.

6. Alustiza J.M., Artetxe J., Castiella A., Agirre C., Emparanza J.I., Otazua P., et al. MR quantification of hepatic iron concentration. Radiology 2004; 230 (2): 479-84.

7. Hankins J.S., McCarville M.B., Loeffler R.B., et al. R2* magnetic resonance imaging of the liver in patients with iron overload. Blood 2009; 113: 4853-5.

8. Argyropoulou M.I., Kiortsis D.N., Astrakas L., Metafratzi Z., Chalissos N., Efremidis S.C., et al. Liver, bone marrow, pancreas and pituitary gland iron overload in yong and adult thalassemic patients: A T2 relaxometry study. Eur Radiol 2007; 17 (12): 3025-30.

9. Gabutti V., Piga A. Results of long-term iron-chelating therapy. Acta Haematol 1996; 95 (1): 26-36.

10. Chavhan G.B., Babyn P.S., Thomas B., Shroff M.M., Haacke E.M. Principles, techniques, and applications of T2*-based MR imaging and its special applications. Radiographics: a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2009; 29 (5): 1433-49.

11. Alústiza E.J., Castiella E.A., Zapata M.E., Jáuregui G.L., Gabilondo A.A., Paloc C. Quantification of liver iron concentration using 1-Tesla MRI. Radiologia 2008, 50 (4): 303-7.

12. Paisant, A., Boulic, A., Bardou-Jacquet, E., Bannier, E., D’assignies, G., Lainé, F., et al. Assessment of liver iron overload by 3 T MRI. Abdominal Radiology 2017; 42 (6): 1713-20.

13. Андерсон Т. Введение в многомерный статистический анализ [An introduction to multivariate statistical analysis]. - 1963.

14. Butensky E., Fischer R., Hudes M., Schumacher L., Williams R., Moyer T.P., et al. Variability in hepatic iron concentration in percutaneous needle biopsy specimens from patients with transfusional hemosiderosis. Am J Clin Pathol 2005; 123 (1): 146-52.

15. Rockey D.C., Stephen H.C., Zachary D.G., Rendon C.N., Alastair D.S. Liver biopsy. Hepatology 2009; 49 (3): 1017-44.

16. Telfer P.T., Prestcott E., Holden S., Walker M., Hoffbrand A.V., Wonke B. Hepatic iron concentration combined with long-term monitoring of serum ferritin to predict complications of iron overload in thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol 2000; 110 (4): 971-7.

17. Yablonskiy D.A., Haacke E.M. Theory of NMR signal behavior in magnetically inhomogeneous tissues: the statistic dephasing regime. Magn Reson Med 1994; 32: 749-63.

18. Gati J.S., Menon R.S., Ugurbil K., Rutt B.K. Experimental determination of the BOLD field strength dependence in vessels and tissue. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38: 296-302.

19. Tumkur S., Vu A., Prasad P.V. Evaluation of intrarenal oxygenation at 3.0T using 3-dimensional multiple gradient-recalled echo sequence. Invest Radiol 2006; 41: 181-4.

20. Hall-Craggs M.A., Porter J., Gatehouse P.D., Bydder G.M. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI of spine in thalassemia. Br J Radiol 2004; 77: 104-10.

21. Storey P., Thompson A.A., Carqueville C.L., Wood J.C., de Freitas R.A., Rigsby C.K. R2* imaging of transfusional iron burden at 3T and comparison with 1,5T. J Magnet Reson Imag 2007; 25: 540-7.

22. Wood J.C., Enriquez C., Ghugre N., Tyzka J.M., Carson S., Nelson M.D., et al. MRI R2 and R2* mapping accurately estimates hepatic iron concentration in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and sickle cell disease patients. Blood 2005; 106 (4): 1460-5.

23. St Pierre T.G., Clark P.R., Chua-anusorn W., Fleming A.J., Jeffrey G.P., Olynyk J.K., et al. Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood 2005; 105 (2): 855-61.

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology. 2017; 16: 23-27

MRI T2*-mapping for liver iron assessment in pediatric patients with secondary iron overload

Nazarova E. E., Tereshchenko G. V., Abakumov M. A., Smantser V. A., Kupriyanov D. A., Smetanina N. S.

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2017-16-3-23-27

Abstract

Iron accumulation assessment in the body is important for iron overload determination in parenchymal organs and also necessary for planning and monitoring the chelation therapy. In this article, we  demonstrate non-invasive diagnostics of iron accumulation in the liver using magnetic resonance imaging.  MRI investigation includes 55 patients (2–18 years, median 8 years) with secondary iron overload due to  regular blood transfusions. Image analysis was conducted by special program of signal decay evaluation for  automatically T2* values calculation in liver. We have received a linear regression equation between the  biopsy data and T2* values and have obtained the grading system of T2* values based on siderosis grades.  Non-invasive MRI diagnostics in patients with iron overload can introduce new approaches for quantitative estimation of body iron deposition.

References

1. Powell L.W. Hereditary hemochromatosis and iron overload diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 17: 191-5.

2. Angelucci E., Brittenham G.M., McLaren C.E., Ripalti M., Baronciani D., Giardini C., et al. Hepatic iron concentration and total body iron stores in thalassemia major. N Engl J Med 2000; 343 (5): 327-31.

3. Bacon B.R., Adams P.C., Kowdley K.V., Powell L.W., Tavill A.S. Diagnosis and management of hemochromatosis: 2011 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology 2011; 54: 328-43.

4. Villeneuve J.-P., Bilodeau M., Lepage R., Côté J., Lefebvre M. Variability in hepatic iron concentration measurement from needle-biopsy specimens. JHepatol 1996; 25: 172-7.

5. Rinkk P.A. Magnitnyi rezonans v meditsine. - M.: GEOTAR-MED, 2003, s. 256.

6. Alustiza J.M., Artetxe J., Castiella A., Agirre C., Emparanza J.I., Otazua P., et al. MR quantification of hepatic iron concentration. Radiology 2004; 230 (2): 479-84.

7. Hankins J.S., McCarville M.B., Loeffler R.B., et al. R2* magnetic resonance imaging of the liver in patients with iron overload. Blood 2009; 113: 4853-5.

8. Argyropoulou M.I., Kiortsis D.N., Astrakas L., Metafratzi Z., Chalissos N., Efremidis S.C., et al. Liver, bone marrow, pancreas and pituitary gland iron overload in yong and adult thalassemic patients: A T2 relaxometry study. Eur Radiol 2007; 17 (12): 3025-30.

9. Gabutti V., Piga A. Results of long-term iron-chelating therapy. Acta Haematol 1996; 95 (1): 26-36.

10. Chavhan G.B., Babyn P.S., Thomas B., Shroff M.M., Haacke E.M. Principles, techniques, and applications of T2*-based MR imaging and its special applications. Radiographics: a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2009; 29 (5): 1433-49.

11. Alústiza E.J., Castiella E.A., Zapata M.E., Jáuregui G.L., Gabilondo A.A., Paloc C. Quantification of liver iron concentration using 1-Tesla MRI. Radiologia 2008, 50 (4): 303-7.

12. Paisant, A., Boulic, A., Bardou-Jacquet, E., Bannier, E., D’assignies, G., Lainé, F., et al. Assessment of liver iron overload by 3 T MRI. Abdominal Radiology 2017; 42 (6): 1713-20.

13. Anderson T. Vvedenie v mnogomernyi statisticheskii analiz [An introduction to multivariate statistical analysis]. - 1963.

14. Butensky E., Fischer R., Hudes M., Schumacher L., Williams R., Moyer T.P., et al. Variability in hepatic iron concentration in percutaneous needle biopsy specimens from patients with transfusional hemosiderosis. Am J Clin Pathol 2005; 123 (1): 146-52.

15. Rockey D.C., Stephen H.C., Zachary D.G., Rendon C.N., Alastair D.S. Liver biopsy. Hepatology 2009; 49 (3): 1017-44.

16. Telfer P.T., Prestcott E., Holden S., Walker M., Hoffbrand A.V., Wonke B. Hepatic iron concentration combined with long-term monitoring of serum ferritin to predict complications of iron overload in thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol 2000; 110 (4): 971-7.

17. Yablonskiy D.A., Haacke E.M. Theory of NMR signal behavior in magnetically inhomogeneous tissues: the statistic dephasing regime. Magn Reson Med 1994; 32: 749-63.

18. Gati J.S., Menon R.S., Ugurbil K., Rutt B.K. Experimental determination of the BOLD field strength dependence in vessels and tissue. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38: 296-302.

19. Tumkur S., Vu A., Prasad P.V. Evaluation of intrarenal oxygenation at 3.0T using 3-dimensional multiple gradient-recalled echo sequence. Invest Radiol 2006; 41: 181-4.

20. Hall-Craggs M.A., Porter J., Gatehouse P.D., Bydder G.M. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI of spine in thalassemia. Br J Radiol 2004; 77: 104-10.

21. Storey P., Thompson A.A., Carqueville C.L., Wood J.C., de Freitas R.A., Rigsby C.K. R2* imaging of transfusional iron burden at 3T and comparison with 1,5T. J Magnet Reson Imag 2007; 25: 540-7.

22. Wood J.C., Enriquez C., Ghugre N., Tyzka J.M., Carson S., Nelson M.D., et al. MRI R2 and R2* mapping accurately estimates hepatic iron concentration in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and sickle cell disease patients. Blood 2005; 106 (4): 1460-5.

23. St Pierre T.G., Clark P.R., Chua-anusorn W., Fleming A.J., Jeffrey G.P., Olynyk J.K., et al. Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood 2005; 105 (2): 855-61.