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Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2020; 19: 18-26

Применение ромиплостима при впервые выявленной иммунной тромбоцитопении у детей

Сунцова Е. В., Чиквина И. И., Садовская М. Н., Коцкая Н. Н., Хачатрян Л. А., Байдильдина Д. Д., Калинина И. И., Петрова У. Н., Пшонкин А. В., Лутфуллин И. Я., Лемазина Е. Н., Осипова И. В., Галеева А. В., Наумова О. С., Фисюн И. В., Быкова Г. В., Казарян Г. Р., Масчан А. А., Новичкова Г. А.

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-1-18-26

Аннотация

Иммунная тромбоцитопения (ИТП) – заболевание с гетерогенной клинической картиной. У большинства детей впервые выявленная ИТП является самоограниченным доброкачественным процессом, и хроническая фаза заболевания развивается редко. Клинические проявления в дебюте заболевания сильно различаются: от практически незаметного кожного геморрагического синдрома до тяжелых жизнеугрожающих кровотечений. Общепринятая терапия позволяет достичь тромбоцитарного ответа у большинства пациентов, но у части детей тромбоцитопения оказывается резистентной к проводимой терапии. В статье описан опыт клинического применения ромиплостима у детей с тяжелой резистентной впервые выявленной ИТП. Данное исследование поддержано Независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением Ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ. Тяжесть геморрагического синдрома значимо уменьшалась после начала терапии ромиплостимом во всех случаях. Длительный полный (тромбоциты > 100 × 109 /л) тромбоцитарный ответ был достигнут у пяти из шести пациентов через 4–8 недель от начала терапии. После прекращения терапии у троих детей сохраняется ремиссия длительностью от 1 до 3 лет. Нежелательных явлений, связанных с применением ромиплостима, не было отмечено.
Список литературы

1. Rodeghiero F., Stasi R., Gernsheimer T., Michel M., Provan D., Arnold D.M., et al. Standardization of terminology, definitions and outcome criteria in immune thrombocytopenic purpura of adults and children: report from an international working group. Blood 2009 Mar 12; 113 (11): 2386–93.

2. Provan D., Stasi R., Newland A.C., Blanchette V.S., Bolton-Maggs P., Bussel J.B., et al. International consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2010 Jan 14; 115 (2): 168–86.

3. Масчан А.А., Румянцев А.Г. Иммунная тромбоцитопения у детей: от консенсуса в терминологии к консенсусу в лечении. Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунологии в педиатрии 2010; 1: 5–13.

4. Nugent D., McMillan R., Nichol J.L., Slichter S.J. Pathogenesis of chronic immune thrombocytopenia: increased platelet destruction and/or decreased platelet production. Br J Haematol 2009 Sep; 146 (6): 585–96.

5. Nugent D.J. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2006: 97–103. 6. Blanchette V.S., Carcao M. Childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura: 20 years later. Semin Thromb Hemost 2003 Dec; 29 (6): 605–17.

6. Beck C.E., Nathan P.C., Parkin P.C., Blanchette V.S., Macarthur C. Corticosteroids versus intravenous immune globulin for the treatment of acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr 2005 Oct; 147 (4): 521–7.

7. Kuter D.J. The biology of thrombopoietin and thrombopoietin receptor agonists. Int J Hematol 2013 Jul; 98 (1): 10–23.

8. Bussel J.B., Kuter D.J., Pullarkat V., Lyons R.M., Guo M., Nichol J.L. Safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with romiplostim in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic ITP. Blood 2009 Mar 5; 113 (10): 2161–71.

9. Khellaf M., Michel M., Quittet P., Viallard J.F., Alexis M., Roudot-Thoraval F., et al. Romiplostim safety and efficacy for immune thrombocytopenia in clinical practice: 2-year results of 72 adults in a romiplostim compassionate-use program. Blood 2011 Oct 20; 118 (16): 4338–45.

10. Bussel J.B., Cheng G., Saleh M.N., Psaila B., Kovaleva L., Meddeb B., et al. Eltrombopag for the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 2007 Nov 29; 357 (22): 2237–47.

11. Saleh M.N., Bussel J.B., Cheng G., Meyer O., Bailey C.K., Arning M., Brainsky A. EXTEND Study Group. Safety and efficacy of eltrombopag for treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia: results of the long-term, open-label EXTEND study. Blood 2013 Jan 17; 121 (3): 537–45.

12. Bussel J.B., Buchanan G.R., Nugent D.J., Gnarra D.J., Bomgaars L.R., Blanchette V.S., et al. A randomized, double-blind study of romiplostim to determine its safety and efficacy in children with immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2011; 118: 28–36.

13. Bussel J.B., Hsieh L., Buchanan G.R., Stine K., Kalpatthi R., Gnarra D.J., et al. Long-term use of the thrombopoietin-mimetic romiplostim in children with severe chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015 Feb; 62 (2): 208–13.

14. Bussel J.B., de Miguel P.G., Despotovic J.M., Grainger J.D., Sevilla J., Blanchette V.S., et al. Eltrombopag for the treatment of children with persistent and chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study. Lancet Haematol 2015; 2: e315–25.

15. Grainger J.D., Locatelli F., Chotsampancharoen T., Donyush E., Pongtanakul B., Komvilaisak P., et al. Eltrombopag for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT2): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2015; 386: 1649–58.

16. Kuter D.J., Bussel J.B., Lyons R.M., Pullarkat V., Gernsheimer T.B., Senecal F.M., et al. Efficacy of romiplostim in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008 Feb 2; 371 (9610): 395–403.

17. Cheng G., Saleh M.N., Marcher C., Vasey S., Mayer B., Aivado M., et al. Eltrombopag for management of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (RAISE): a 6-month, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet 2011 Jan 29; 377 (9763): 393–402.

18. Neunert C., Despotovic J., Haley K., Lambert M.P., Nottage K., Shimano K., et al. Pediatric ITP Consortium of North America (ICON). Thrombopoietin receptor agonist use in children: data from the pediatric ITP consortium of North America ICON2 study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016 Aug; 63 (8): 1407–13.

19. Kuter D.J., Newland A., Chong B.H., Rodeghiero F., Romero M.T., Pabinger I., et al. Romiplostim in adult patients with newly diagnosed or persistent immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) for up to 1 year and in those with chronic ITP for more than 1 year: a subgroup analysis of integrated data from completed romiplostim studies. Br J Haematol 2019 May; 185 (3): 503–13.

20. Neunert C., Lim W., Crowther M., Cohen A., Solberg L.Jr., Crowther M.A. The American Society of Hematology 2011 evidence-based practice guideline for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2011 Apr 21; 117 (16): 4190–207.

21. Consolini R., Legitimo A., Caparello M.C. The Centenary of Immune Thrombocytopenia – Part 1: Revising Nomenclature and Pathogenesis. Front Pediatr 2016 Oct 19; 4: 102.

22. Сунцова Е.В., Байдильдина Д.Д., Калинина И.И., Петрова У.Н., Пшонкин А.В., Хачатрян Л.А. и др. Спектр дифференциальной диагностики иммунной тромбоцитопении у детей. Педиатрия 2019; 98 (4): 62–71/

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology. 2020; 19: 18-26

Use of romiplostim for newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia in children

Suntsova E. V., Chikvina I. I., Sadovskaya M. N., Kotskaya N. N., Hachatryan L. A., Baydildina D. D., Kalinina I. I., Petrova U. N., Pshonkin A. V., Lutfullin I. Ya., Lemazina E. N., Osipova I. V., Galeeva A. V., Naumova O. S., Fisyn I. V., Bikova G. V., Kazaryan G. R., Maschan A. A., Novichkova G. A.

https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-1-18-26

Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a disease with a heterogeneous clinical manifestation. In the majority of children newly diagnosed ITP is a self-limited benign disorder, while chronic ITP develops rarely. The clinical onset of ITP can occur in very different ways: from nearly invisible skin hemorrhage to severe life-threatening bleeding. Conventional treatments promote a response in most patients, but in a small number of children thrombocytopenia is unresponsive. In this article, we describe our experience of the clinical use of romiplostim in children with severe unresponsive newly diagnosed ITP. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology. The severity of bleeding decreased significantly after the start of romiplostim therapy in all cases. Durable complete (platelets > 100 × 109 /l) response was achieved in five out of six patients 4 to 8 weeks after starting therapy. Three children have remained in lasting remission for 1 to 3 years after the discontinuation of romiplostim. There were no adverse events associated with romiplostim.
References

1. Rodeghiero F., Stasi R., Gernsheimer T., Michel M., Provan D., Arnold D.M., et al. Standardization of terminology, definitions and outcome criteria in immune thrombocytopenic purpura of adults and children: report from an international working group. Blood 2009 Mar 12; 113 (11): 2386–93.

2. Provan D., Stasi R., Newland A.C., Blanchette V.S., Bolton-Maggs P., Bussel J.B., et al. International consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2010 Jan 14; 115 (2): 168–86.

3. Maschan A.A., Rumyantsev A.G. Immunnaya trombotsitopeniya u detei: ot konsensusa v terminologii k konsensusu v lechenii. Voprosy gematologii/onkologii i immunologii v pediatrii 2010; 1: 5–13.

4. Nugent D., McMillan R., Nichol J.L., Slichter S.J. Pathogenesis of chronic immune thrombocytopenia: increased platelet destruction and/or decreased platelet production. Br J Haematol 2009 Sep; 146 (6): 585–96.

5. Nugent D.J. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2006: 97–103. 6. Blanchette V.S., Carcao M. Childhood acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura: 20 years later. Semin Thromb Hemost 2003 Dec; 29 (6): 605–17.

6. Beck C.E., Nathan P.C., Parkin P.C., Blanchette V.S., Macarthur C. Corticosteroids versus intravenous immune globulin for the treatment of acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr 2005 Oct; 147 (4): 521–7.

7. Kuter D.J. The biology of thrombopoietin and thrombopoietin receptor agonists. Int J Hematol 2013 Jul; 98 (1): 10–23.

8. Bussel J.B., Kuter D.J., Pullarkat V., Lyons R.M., Guo M., Nichol J.L. Safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with romiplostim in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic ITP. Blood 2009 Mar 5; 113 (10): 2161–71.

9. Khellaf M., Michel M., Quittet P., Viallard J.F., Alexis M., Roudot-Thoraval F., et al. Romiplostim safety and efficacy for immune thrombocytopenia in clinical practice: 2-year results of 72 adults in a romiplostim compassionate-use program. Blood 2011 Oct 20; 118 (16): 4338–45.

10. Bussel J.B., Cheng G., Saleh M.N., Psaila B., Kovaleva L., Meddeb B., et al. Eltrombopag for the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med 2007 Nov 29; 357 (22): 2237–47.

11. Saleh M.N., Bussel J.B., Cheng G., Meyer O., Bailey C.K., Arning M., Brainsky A. EXTEND Study Group. Safety and efficacy of eltrombopag for treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia: results of the long-term, open-label EXTEND study. Blood 2013 Jan 17; 121 (3): 537–45.

12. Bussel J.B., Buchanan G.R., Nugent D.J., Gnarra D.J., Bomgaars L.R., Blanchette V.S., et al. A randomized, double-blind study of romiplostim to determine its safety and efficacy in children with immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2011; 118: 28–36.

13. Bussel J.B., Hsieh L., Buchanan G.R., Stine K., Kalpatthi R., Gnarra D.J., et al. Long-term use of the thrombopoietin-mimetic romiplostim in children with severe chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015 Feb; 62 (2): 208–13.

14. Bussel J.B., de Miguel P.G., Despotovic J.M., Grainger J.D., Sevilla J., Blanchette V.S., et al. Eltrombopag for the treatment of children with persistent and chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study. Lancet Haematol 2015; 2: e315–25.

15. Grainger J.D., Locatelli F., Chotsampancharoen T., Donyush E., Pongtanakul B., Komvilaisak P., et al. Eltrombopag for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT2): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2015; 386: 1649–58.

16. Kuter D.J., Bussel J.B., Lyons R.M., Pullarkat V., Gernsheimer T.B., Senecal F.M., et al. Efficacy of romiplostim in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008 Feb 2; 371 (9610): 395–403.

17. Cheng G., Saleh M.N., Marcher C., Vasey S., Mayer B., Aivado M., et al. Eltrombopag for management of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (RAISE): a 6-month, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet 2011 Jan 29; 377 (9763): 393–402.

18. Neunert C., Despotovic J., Haley K., Lambert M.P., Nottage K., Shimano K., et al. Pediatric ITP Consortium of North America (ICON). Thrombopoietin receptor agonist use in children: data from the pediatric ITP consortium of North America ICON2 study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016 Aug; 63 (8): 1407–13.

19. Kuter D.J., Newland A., Chong B.H., Rodeghiero F., Romero M.T., Pabinger I., et al. Romiplostim in adult patients with newly diagnosed or persistent immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) for up to 1 year and in those with chronic ITP for more than 1 year: a subgroup analysis of integrated data from completed romiplostim studies. Br J Haematol 2019 May; 185 (3): 503–13.

20. Neunert C., Lim W., Crowther M., Cohen A., Solberg L.Jr., Crowther M.A. The American Society of Hematology 2011 evidence-based practice guideline for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 2011 Apr 21; 117 (16): 4190–207.

21. Consolini R., Legitimo A., Caparello M.C. The Centenary of Immune Thrombocytopenia – Part 1: Revising Nomenclature and Pathogenesis. Front Pediatr 2016 Oct 19; 4: 102.

22. Suntsova E.V., Baĭdil'dina D.D., Kalinina I.I., Petrova U.N., Pshonkin A.V., Khachatryan L.A. i dr. Spektr differentsial'noi diagnostiki immunnoi trombotsitopenii u detei. Pediatriya 2019; 98 (4): 62–71/