Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2019; 18: 112-119
Функциональная активность тромбоцитов: физиология и методы лабораторной диагностики
https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2019-18-3-112-119Аннотация
Тромбоциты выполняют многочисленные важные функции не только в процессах нормального функционирования системы гемостаза, но и в других физиологических процессах: регуляции целостности сосудистой стенки, регенерации повреждений, воспалительном ответе. Нарушение их работоспособности происходит при многих заболеваниях и состояниях (включая онкогематологические, воспалительные, аутоиммунные заболевания, солидные опухоли, сепсис), провоцируется травмами, лекарственными препаратами и может вести к опасным последствиям – кровоизлияниям и тромбозам. Однако инструменты для оценки функциональной активности тромбоцитов крайне ограничены, да и представление о том, что такое функциональная активность тромбоцита, не достаточно четкое. В данном обзоре рассмотрены функции тромбоцитов, их нарушения, возможности их оценки существующими методами, а также перспективные направления их развития.
Список литературы
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2. Yaguchi A., Lobo F.L., Vincent J.L., Pradier O. Platelet function in sepsis. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2 (12): 2096–102.
3. Ramsey M.T., Fabian T.C., Shahan C.P., Sharpe J.P., Mabry S.E., Weinberg J.A., et al. A prospective study of platelet function in trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surgery 2016; 80 (5): 726–33.
4. Balashova E., Koltsova E., Ignatova A., Polokhov D., Kuprash A., Kirtbaya A., et al. Laboratory Parameters of Blood Coagulation and Platelet Functional Activity in Premature Neonates. Am J Perinatol 2016; 33: A015.
5. Panteleev M.A., Dashkevich N.M., Ataullakhanov F. Hemostasis and throm-bosis beyond biochemistry: roles of geo-metry, flow and diffusion. Thromb Res 2015; 136 (4) 699–711.
6. Rodvien R., Mielke C.H. Role of Platelets in Hemostasis and Thrombosis. West J Med 1976; 125 (3): 181–6.
7. Yoo S.Y., Kwon S.M. Angiogenesis and its therapeutic opportunities. Mediat Inflammation 2013; 1.
8. Thachil J. Platelets in Inflammatory Disorders: A Pathophysiological and Clinical Perspective. Semin Thromb Hemost 2015; 41 (6): 572–81.
9. Walsh T.G., Metharom P., Berndt M. The functional role of platelets in the regulation of angiogenesis. Platelets 2015; 26 (3): 199–11.
10. Ruggeri Z. Mechanisms initiating platelet thrombus formation. Thromb Haemost 1997; 78 (1): 611–6.
11. Ruggeri Z. The role of von Willebrand factor in thrombus formation. Thromb Res 2007; 120 (Suppl 1): S5–9.
12. Nieswandt B., Brakebusch C., Bergmeier W., Schulte V., Bouvard D., Mokhtari-Nejad R., et al. Glycoprotein VI but not alpha2beta1 integrin is essential for platelet interaction with collagen. EMBO J 2001; 20 (9): 2120–30.
13. Hou Y., Carrim N., Wang Y., Gallant R.C., Marshall A., Ni H. Platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis: Novel mechanisms of fibrinogen-independent platelet aggregation and fibronectin-mediated protein wave of hemostasis. J Biomed Res 2015; 30: 29.
14. Golino P., Crea F., Willerson J. How to study the effects of platelet aggregation and thrombosis on coronary vasomotion and their clinical relevance. Ital Hear J 2002; 3 (4): 220–5.
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18. Clemetson K. Platelets and primary haemostasis. Thromb Res Elsevier Ltd 2012; 129 (3): 220–4.
19. Brass L.F., Tomaiuolo M., Stalker T. Harnessing the platelet signaling network to produce an optimal hemostatic response. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2013; 27 (3): 381–09.
20. Varga-Szabo D., Pleines I., Nieswandt B. Cell adhesion mechanisms in platelets. Arter Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28 (3): 403–12.
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31. Armstrong P.C., Leadbeater P.D., Chan M.V., Kirkby N.S., Jakubowski J.A., Mitchell J.A., et al. In the presence of strong P2Y12 receptor blockade, aspirin provides little additional inhibition of platelet aggregation. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9 (3): 552–61.
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34. Smith J.W., Steinhubl S.R., Lincoff A.M., Coleman J.C., Lee T.T., Hillman R.S., et al. Rapid platelet-function assay: an automated and quantitative cartridge-based method. Circulation 1999; 99 (5): 620–5.
35. Campbell J., Ridgway H., Carville D. Plateletworks: a novel point of care platelet function screen. Mol Diagn Ther 2008; 12 (4): 253–8.
36. Lennon M.J., Gibbs N.M., Weightman W.M., McGuire D., Michalopoulos N. A comparison of Plateletworks and platelet aggregometry for the assessment of aspirin-related platelet dysfunction in cardiac surgical patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004; 18 (2): 136–40.
37. Craft R.M., Chavez J.J., Snider C.C., Muenchen R.A., Carroll R. Comparison of modified Thrombelastograph and Plateletworks whole blood assays to optical platelet aggregation for monitoring reversal of clopidogrel inhibition in elective surgery patients. J Lab Clin Med 2005; 145 (6): 309–15.
38. Favaloro E.J., Mohammed S. Platelet function testing: auditing local practice and broader implications. Clin Lab Sci 2010; 23 (1): 21–31.
39. Hayward C.P., Harrison P., Cattaneo M., Ortel T.L., Rao A.K. Platelet Physiology Subcommittee of the Scientific and Standartization Committee of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100 closure time in the evaluation of platelet disorders and platelet function. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4 (2): 312–9.
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43. Heemskerk J.W., Sakariassen K.S., Zwaginga J.J., Brass L.F., Jackson S.P., Farndale R.W., et al. Collagen surfaces to measure thrombus formation under flow: possibilities for standardization. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9 (4): 856–8.
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53. Michelson A.D., Barnard M.R., Krueger L.A., Frelinger A.L. 3rd F.M. Evaluation of platelet function by flow cytometry. Methods 2000; 21 (3): 259–70.
54. Rochat S., Alberio L. Formaldehyde-fixation of platelets for flow cytometric measurement of phosphatidylserine exposure is feasible. Cytom A 2015; 87 (1): 32–6.
55. Ignatova A.A., Ponomarenko E.A., Polo-khov D.M., Suntsova E.V., Zharkov P.A., Fedorova D.V., et al. Flow cytometry for pediatric platelets. Platelets 2018; 4: 1–10.
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Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology. 2019; 18: 112-119
Platelet functional activity: physiology and laboratory diagnostic methods
https://doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2019-18-3-112-119Abstract
Platelets perform numerous important functions not only in the process of normal functioning of hemostatic system, but also in other physiological processes, such as: vessel wall integrity regulation, wound healing, inflammatory response. Its malfunction can be found in various diseases and conditions (including oncohematological disorders, solid tumors, inflammatory diseases, sepsis, autoimmune disorders), is triggered by injury or medications and can lead to dangerous consequences, such as bleeding and thrombosis. However, platelets functional activity quantity assessment tools are extremely limited, the perception what platelet functional activity is about is also quite unclear. This review considers platelets function, its' abnormalities, possibilities for its' assessment by existing methods as well as promising directions for their development.
References
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2. Yaguchi A., Lobo F.L., Vincent J.L., Pradier O. Platelet function in sepsis. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2 (12): 2096–102.
3. Ramsey M.T., Fabian T.C., Shahan C.P., Sharpe J.P., Mabry S.E., Weinberg J.A., et al. A prospective study of platelet function in trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surgery 2016; 80 (5): 726–33.
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5. Panteleev M.A., Dashkevich N.M., Ataullakhanov F. Hemostasis and throm-bosis beyond biochemistry: roles of geo-metry, flow and diffusion. Thromb Res 2015; 136 (4) 699–711.
6. Rodvien R., Mielke C.H. Role of Platelets in Hemostasis and Thrombosis. West J Med 1976; 125 (3): 181–6.
7. Yoo S.Y., Kwon S.M. Angiogenesis and its therapeutic opportunities. Mediat Inflammation 2013; 1.
8. Thachil J. Platelets in Inflammatory Disorders: A Pathophysiological and Clinical Perspective. Semin Thromb Hemost 2015; 41 (6): 572–81.
9. Walsh T.G., Metharom P., Berndt M. The functional role of platelets in the regulation of angiogenesis. Platelets 2015; 26 (3): 199–11.
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21. Nurden A.T., Freson K., Seligsohn U. Inherited platelet disorders. Haemophilia 2012; 18 (Suppl 4): 154–60.
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23. Winqvist M., Asklid A., Andersson P.O., Karlsson K., Karlsson C., Lauri B., et al. Real-world results of ibrutinib in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: data from 95 consecutive patients treated in a compassionate use program. A study from the Swedish Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Group. Haematologica 2016; 101 (12): 1573–80.
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25. Levade M., David E., Garcia C., Laurent P.A., Cadot S., Michallet A.S., et al. Ibrutinib treatment affects collagen and von Willebrand factor-dependent platelet functions. Blood 2024; 124 (26): 3991–5.
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27. Gadisseur A., Hermans C., Berneman Z., Schroyens W., Deckmyn H., Michiels J. Laboratory diagnosis and molecular classification of von Willebrand disease. Acta Haematol 2009; 121 (2–3): 71–84.
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34. Smith J.W., Steinhubl S.R., Lincoff A.M., Coleman J.C., Lee T.T., Hillman R.S., et al. Rapid platelet-function assay: an automated and quantitative cartridge-based method. Circulation 1999; 99 (5): 620–5.
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36. Lennon M.J., Gibbs N.M., Weightman W.M., McGuire D., Michalopoulos N. A comparison of Plateletworks and platelet aggregometry for the assessment of aspirin-related platelet dysfunction in cardiac surgical patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004; 18 (2): 136–40.
37. Craft R.M., Chavez J.J., Snider C.C., Muenchen R.A., Carroll R. Comparison of modified Thrombelastograph and Plateletworks whole blood assays to optical platelet aggregation for monitoring reversal of clopidogrel inhibition in elective surgery patients. J Lab Clin Med 2005; 145 (6): 309–15.
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41. Varon D., Dardik R., Shenkman B., Kotev-Emeth S., Farzame N., Tamarin I., et al. A new method for quantitative analysis of whole blood platelet interaction with extracellular matrix under flow conditions. Thromb Res 1997; 85 (4): 283–94.
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44. Cosemans J.M., Kuijpers M.J., Lecut C., Loubele S.T., Heeneman S., Jandrot-Perrus M., et al. Contribution of platelet glycoprotein VI to the thrombogenic effect of collagens in fibrous atherosclerotic lesions. Atherosclerosis 2005; 181 (1): 19–27.
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