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Андрология и генитальная хирургия. 2024; 25: 15-26

Альтернативные негормональные методы восстановления тестостерона при мужском гипогонадизме с позиций доказательной медицины (обзор литературы)

Братчиков О. И., Тюзиков И. А., Греков Е. А., Смирнов А. В.

https://doi.org/10.62968/2070-9781-2024-25-4-15-26

Аннотация

Дефицит тестостерона у мужчин (мужской гипогонадизм) представляет серьезную угрозу для здоровья и продолжительности жизни мужчин, поэтому должен своевременно диагностироваться и корректироваться с применением гормональных методов лечения. Однако до сих пор определенная часть мужской популяции испытывает страх перед гормональной терапией или имеет сопутствующие заболевания, делающие ее небезопасной. В данном случае гипогонадные мужчины обычно обращаются к альтернативным (негормональным) методам восстановления низкого уровня тестостерона, основанным на применении различных негормональных препаратов или проведении лечебных процедур. В данном обзоре проведен анализ стероидогенной эффективности хирургического лечения варикоцеле (варикоцелэктомии) и применения микроэлементов, витаминов и инсулиновых сенситайзеров (метформина) с целью повышения уровня тестостерона у мужчин на основе доказательных исследований и метаанализов за последние 5 лет. Обзор показал существенную неоднородность и противоречивость результатов исследований: в то время, как варикоцелэктомия показывает свою эффективность с точки зрения улучшения сперматогенной и стероидогенной функций яичек у бесплодных гипогонадных мужчин, ее эффективность как метода повышения уровня тестостерона у фертильных гипогонадных мужчин или у нормогонадных бесплодных мужчин остается недоказанной. Стероидогенная эффективность микроэлементов, витаминов и метформина очень низкая и не приводит к достоверным значимым клиническим результатам с точки зрения повышения тестостерона у гипогонадных мужчин.Таким образом, ни один из описанных негормональных подходов к коррекции низкого уровня тестостерона у мужчин не может рассматриваться как доказанная и эффективная альтернатива классическим гормональным методам лечения мужского гипогонадизма в рутинной клинической практике.

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Andrology and Genital Surgery. 2024; 25: 15-26

Alternative non-hormonal methods of correction of male hypogonadism from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine (literature review)

Bratchikov O. I., Tyuzikov I. A., Grekov E. A., Smirnov A. V.

https://doi.org/10.62968/2070-9781-2024-25-4-15-26

Abstract

Testosterone deficiency in men (male hypogonadism) poses a serious threat to men’s health and life expectancy, therefore, it should be diagnosed and corrected in a timely manner using hormonal treatment methods. However, until now, a certain part of the male population is afraid of hormone therapy or has concomitant diseases that make it unsafe. In this case, hypogonadal men usually turn to alternative (non-hormonal) methods of restoring low testosterone levels based on the use of various non-hormonal drugs or therapeutic procedures. This review analyzes the steroidogenic effectiveness of surgical treatment of varicocele (varicocelectomy) and the use of trace elements, vitamins and insulin sensitizers (metformin) in order to increase testosterone levels in men based on evidence–based studies and meta-analyses over the past 5 years. The review showed significant heterogeneity and inconsistency of the research results: while varicocelectomy shows its effectiveness in terms of improving spermatogenic and steroidogenic testicular functions in infertile hypogonadal men, its effectiveness as a method of increasing testosterone levels in fertile hypogonadal men or in normogonadal infertile men remains unproven. The steroidogenic effectiveness of trace elements, vitamins and metformin is very low and does not lead to reliable significant clinical results in terms of increased testosterone in hypogonadal men. Thus, none of the described non-hormonal approaches to the correction of low testosterone levels in men can be considered as a proven and effective alternative to the classic hormonal methods of male hypogonadism treatment in routine clinical practice.

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